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Quantum computers are expected to offer significant advantages in solving complex optimization problems that are challenging for classical computers. Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems represent an important class…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Teemu Pihkakoski , Aravind Plathanam Babu , Pauli Taipale , Petri Liimatta , Matti Silveri

Optimization problems are critical across various domains, yet existing quantum algorithms, despite their great potential, struggle with scalability and accuracy due to excessive reliance on entanglement. To address these limitations, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Seongmin Kim , In-Saeng Suh

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is recognized as a unifying framework for modeling a wide range of problems. Problems can be solved with commercial solvers customized for solving QUBO and since QUBO have degree two, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Amit Verma , Mark Lewis , Gary Kochenberger

We aim to advance the state-of-the-art in Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization formulation with a focus on cryptography algorithms. As the minimal QUBO encoding of the linear constraints of optimization problems emerges as the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Gregory Morse , Tamás Kozsik , Oskar Mencer , Peter Rakyta

This paper presents a new method to reduce the optimization of a pseudo-Boolean function to QUBO problem which can be solved by quantum annealer. The new method has two aspects, one is coefficient optimization and the other is variable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Anpeng Zhang , Xiutao Feng

Solving combinatorial optimization problems of the kind that can be codified by quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) is a promising application of quantum computation. Some problems of this class suitable for practical…

Quantum computers show potential for achieving computational advantage over classical computers, with many candidate applications in combinatorial optimisation. We present an application level benchmarking framework for near-term quantum…

We introduce a novel approach to translate arbitrary 3-SAT instances to Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) as they are used by quantum annealing (QA) or the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). Our approach…

Current quantum computing devices have different strengths and weaknesses depending on their architectures. This means that flexible approaches to circuit design are necessary. We address this task by introducing a novel space-efficient…

Collateral optimization refers to the systematic allocation of financial assets to satisfy obligations or secure transactions, while simultaneously minimizing costs and optimizing the usage of available resources. {This involves assessing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Megan Giron , Georgios Korpas , Waqas Parvaiz , Prashant Malik , Johannes Aspman

The quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem arises in diverse optimization applications ranging from Ising spin problems to classical problems in graph theory and binary discrete optimization. The use of preprocessing to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Fred Glover , Mark Lewis , Gary Kochenberger

In the era of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers it is crucial to design quantum algorithms which do not require many qubits or deep circuits. Unfortunately, the most well-known quantum algorithms are too demanding to be run…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-17 Adam Glos , Aleksandra Krawiec , Zoltán Zimborás

Quantum Annealing (QA) can efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems whose objective functions are represented by Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) formulations. For broader applicability of QA, quadratization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Hyakka Nakada , Shu Tanaka

Variational quantum algorithms have attracted attention for their potential to solve combinatorial optimization problems. We study how the choice of encoding affects the resource requirements and optimization behavior of a variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Linus Ekstrøm , Hao Wang , Sebastian Schmitt

Recent advances in quantum technology have led to the development and manufacturing of experimental programmable quantum annealers that promise to solve certain combinatorial optimization problems of practical relevance faster than their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-31 Itay Hen , Federico M. Spedalieri

Crypto-currency markets are known to exhibit inefficiencies, which presents opportunities for profitable cyclic transactions or arbitrage, where one currency is traded for another in a way that results in a net gain without incurring any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-04 Gines Carrascal , Beatriz Roman , Guillermo Botella , Alberto del Barrio

Challenging combinatorial optimization problems are ubiquitous in science and engineering. Several quantum methods for optimization have recently been developed, in different settings including both exact and approximate solvers. Addressing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Nicolas PD Sawaya , Albert T Schmitz , Stuart Hadfield

Fast quantum data transmission faces several shortcomings such as the indistinguishability of some partly overlapping signals, the channel noises, and so on. Based on the encoded quantum data transmission protocol, an unconventional scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-31 Weidong Tang , Sixia Yu

The simulation of many industrially relevant physical processes can be executed up to exponentially faster using quantum algorithms. However, this speedup can only be leveraged if the data input and output of the simulation can be…

In this paper we show how to implement in a simple way some complex real-life constraints on the portfolio optimization problem, so that it becomes amenable to quantum optimization algorithms. Specifically, first we explain how to obtain…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-23 Samuel Palmer , Serkan Sahin , Rodrigo Hernandez , Samuel Mugel , Roman Orus