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Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), a large-scale radio Cherenkov observatory which scientists propose to develop in Antarctica, aims at discovering the origin and evolution of the cosmic accelerators that produce the highest energy cosmic rays by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-02-02 Shang-Yu Sun , Pisin Chen , Melin Huang

For current and future neutrino oscillation experiments using large Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LAr-TPCs), a key challenge is identifying neutrino interactions from the pervading cosmic-ray background. Rejection of such…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2022-06-28 Marta Babicz , Saúl Alonso-Monsalve , Stephen Dolan , Kazuhiro Terao

Ultra-High Energy (UHE) neutrinos over $10^{16}$ eV have yet to be observed but the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is one in-ice neutrino observatory attempting to make this discovery. In anticipation of a thorough full-observatory and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-16 Abby Bishop , Austin Cummings , Ryan Krebs , William Luszczak

Ultra high energy neutrinos ($E_\nu > 10^{16.5}$eV$)$ are efficiently measured via radio signals following a neutrino interaction in ice. An antenna placed $\mathcal{O}$(15 m) below the ice surface will measure two signals for the vast…

The detection of ultra-high energy neutrinos (UHE-$\nu$), with enegies above 10 PeV, has been a long-time goal in astroparticle physics. Autonomous, radio-frequency (RF) UHE-$\nu$ detetectors have been deployed in polar regions that rely on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-29 J. C. Hanson , R. Hartig

The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) is a NASA long-duration balloon experiment with the primary goal of detecting ultra-high-energy ($>10^{18}\,\mbox{eV}$) neutrinos via the Askaryan Effect. The fourth ANITA mission, ANITA-IV,…

Interactions of ultrahigh energy neutrinos of cosmological origin in large volumes of dense, radio-transparent media can be detected via coherent Cherenkov emission from accompanying electromagnetic showers. Antarctic ice meets the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-09 George M. Frichter , John P. Ralston , Douglas W. McKay

The ARIANNA collaboration completed the installation of the hexagonal radio array (HRA) in December 2014, serving as a pilot program for a planned high energy neutrino telescope located about 110 km south of McMurdo Station on the Ross Ice…

Neutrino astronomy is a vibrant field of study in astrophysics, offering unique insights into the Universe's most energetic phenomena. The combination of a low cross section and zero electromagnetic charge ensure that a neutrino retains…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-20 Ruben Camphyn

The emission of neutrinos within a wide energy range is predicted from very-high-energy phenomena in the Universe. Even the current or next-generation Cherenkov neutrino telescopes might be too small to detect the faint fluxes expected for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 K. Graf

LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) has been proposed as a next generation 50 kt liquid scintillator detector. Its large target mass allows to search for the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB), which was generated by the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Randolph Möllenberg , Franz von Feilitzsch , Dominikus Hellgartner , Lothar Oberauer , Marc Tippmann , Jürgen Winter , Michael Wurm , Vincenz Zimmer

WIMP-nucleon cross sections below 10^(-9) pb may be probed by ton-scale experiments with low thresholds and background rates ~20 events per year. An array of cryogenic detectors ("CryoArray") could perform well enough to reach this goal.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. W. Schnee , D. S. Akerib , R. J. Gaitskell

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole has measured the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux up to ~PeV energies and is starting to identify first point source candidates. The next generation facility, IceCube-Gen2, aims at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-20 Steffen Hallmann , Brian Clark , Christian Glaser , Daniel Smith

In 2013 the IceCube collaboration announced the discovery of a cosmic neutrino flux up to PeV energies, validating neutrino astronomy as the next promising observational technique to explore the high-energy Universe. The neutrino community…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-27 S. Toscano , P. Coppin , K. D. de Vries , N. van Eijndhoven , J. A. Aguilar

In radio-based physics experiments, sensitive analysis techniques are often required to extract signals at or below the level of noise. For a recent experiment at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory to test a radar-based detection…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-26 S. Prohira

Experiments designed to detect ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos using radio techniques are also capable of detecting the radio signals from cosmic-ray (CR) induced air showers. These CR signals are important both as a background and as a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-07 Shoukat Ali , Dave Z. Besson

Large Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPCs) are being increasingly adopted in neutrino oscillation experiments because of their superb imaging capabilities through the combination of both tracking and calorimetry in a fully active…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-12-18 MicroBooNE collaboration , P. Abratenko , M. Alrashed , R. An , J. Anthony , J. Asaadi , A. Ashkenazi , S. Balasubramanian , B. Baller , C. Barnes , G. Barr , V. Basque , L. Bathe-Peters , O. Benevides Rodrigues , S. Berkman , A. Bhanderi , A. Bhat , M. Bishai , A. Blake , T. Bolton , L. Camilleri , D. Caratelli , I. Caro Terrazas , R. Castillo Fernandez , F. Cavanna , G. Cerati , Y. Chen , E. Church , D. Cianci , J. M. Conrad , M. Convery , L. Cooper-Troendle , J. I. Crespo-Anadon , M. Del Tutto , D. Devitt , R. Diurba , L. Domine , R. Dorrill , K. Duffy , S. Dytman , B. Eberly , A. Ereditato , L. Escudero Sanchez , J. J. Evans , G. A. Fiorentini Aguirre , R. S. Fitzpatrick , B. T. Fleming , N. Foppiani , D. Franco , A. P. Furmanski , D. Garcia-Gamez , S. Gardiner , G. Ge , S. Gollapinni , O. Goodwin , E. Gramellini , P. Green , H. Greenlee , W. Gu , R. Guenette , P. Guzowski , L. Hagaman , E. Hall , P. Hamilton , O. Hen , G. A. Horton-Smith , A. Hourlier , E. C. Huang , R. Itay , C. James , J. Jan de Vries , X. Ji , L. Jiang , J. H. Jo , R. A. Johnson , Y. J. Jwa , N. Kamp , N. Kaneshige , G. Karagiorgi , W. Ketchum , B. Kirby , M. Kirby , T. Kobilarcik , I. Kreslo , R. LaZur , I. Lepetic , K. Li , Y. Li , B. R. Littlejohn , D. Lorca , W. C. Louis , X. Luo , A. Marchionni , C. Mariani , D. Marsden , J. Marshall , J. Martin-Albo , D. A. Martinez Caicedo , K. Mason , A. Mastbaum , N. McConkey , V. Meddage , T. Mettler , K. Miller , J. Mills , K. Mistry , T. Mohayai , A. Mogan , J. Moon , M. Mooney , A. F. Moor , C. D. Moore , L. Mora Lepin , J. Mousseau , M. Murphy , D. Naples , A. Navrer-Agasson , R. K. Neely , P. Nienaber , J. Nowak , O. Palamara , V. Paolone , A. Papadopoulou , V. Papavassiliou , S. F. Pate , A. Paudel , Z. Pavlovic , E. Piasetzky , I. Ponce-Pinto , D. Porzio , S. Prince , X. Qian , J. L. Raaf , V. Radeka , A. Rafique , M. Reggiani-Guzzo , L. Ren , L. Rochester , J. Rodriguez Rondon , H. E. Rogers , M. Rosenberg , M. Ross-Lonergan , B. Russell , G. Scanavini , D. W. Schmitz , A. Schukraft , W. Seligman , M. H. Shaevitz , R. Sharankova , J. Sinclair , A. Smith , E. L. Snider , M. Soderberg , S. Soldner-Rembold , S. R. Soleti , P. Spentzouris , J. Spitz , M. Stancari , J. St. John , T. Strauss , K. Sutton , S. Sword-Fehlberg , A. M. Szelc , N. Tagg , W. Tang , K. Terao , C. Thorpe , M. Toups , Y. -T. Tsai , S. Tufanli , M. A. Uchida , T. Usher , W. Van De Pontseele , B. Viren , M. Weber , H. Wei , Z. Williams , S. Wolbers , T. Wongjirad , M. Wospakrik , W. Wu , E. Yandel , T. Yang , G. Yarbrough , L. E. Yates , H. W. Yu , G. P. Zeller , J. Zennamo , C. Zhang

From an elevation of ~38 km, the balloon-borne ANtarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) is designed to detect the up-coming radio frequency (RF) signal resulting from a sub-surface neutrino-nucleon collision. Although no neutrinos have…

We derive analytic expressions, and approximate them in closed form, for the effective detection aperture for Cerenkov radio emission from ultra-high-energy neutrinos striking the Moon. The resulting apertures are in good agreement with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-19 K. G. Gayley , R. L. Mutel , T. R. Jaeger