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The growing integration of smart environments and low-power computing devices, coupled with mass-market sensor technologies, is driving advancements in remote and non-contact physiological monitoring. However, deploying these systems in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Constantino Álvarez Casado , Sasan Sharifipour , Manuel Lage Cañellas , Nhi Nguyen , Le Nguyen , Miguel Bordallo López

In medical imaging, obtaining large amounts of labeled data is often a hurdle, because annotations and pathologies are scarce. Anomaly detection is a method that is capable of detecting unseen abnormal data while only being trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Djennifer K. Madzia-Madzou , Hugo J. Kuijf

Identifying anomalous instances in tabular data is essential for improving data reliability and maintaining system stability. Due to the scarcity of ground-truth anomaly labels, existing methods mainly rely on unsupervised anomaly detection…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Wei Huang , Yuxuan Xiong , Hezhe Qiao , Yu-Ming Shang , Xiangling Fu , Guansong Pang

We present a novel learning-based method that achieves state-of-the-art performance on several heart rate estimation benchmarks extracted from photoplethysmography signals (PPG). We consider the evolution of the heart rate in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Valentin Bieri , Paul Streli , Berken Utku Demirel , Christian Holz

Ocular biometric systems working in unconstrained environments usually face the problem of small within-class compactness caused by the multiple factors that jointly degrade the quality of the obtained data. In this work, we propose an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Luiz A. Zanlorensi , Hugo Proença , David Menotti

Photoplethysmography (PPG) plays a crucial role in continuous cardiovascular health monitoring as a non-invasive and cost-effective modality. However, PPG signals are susceptible to motion artifacts and noise, making accurate estimation of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Shuntaro Suzuki , Shuitsu Koyama , Shinnosuke Hirano , Shunya Nagashima

Automating the analysis of surveillance video footage is of great interest when urban environments or industrial sites are monitored by a large number of cameras. As anomalies are often context-specific, it is hard to predefine events of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Bo Li , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

Anemia is a prevalent hematological disorder that requires frequent hemoglobin monitoring for early diagnosis and effective management. Conventional hemoglobin assessment relies on invasive blood sampling, limiting its suitability for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Garima Sahu , Poorva Verma , Nachiket Tapas

Photoplethysmography (PPG)-based foundation models are gaining traction due to the widespread use of PPG in biosignal monitoring and their potential to generalize across diverse health applications. In this paper, we introduce Pulse-PPG,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Mithun Saha , Maxwell A. Xu , Wanting Mao , Sameer Neupane , James M. Rehg , Santosh Kumar

Heart rate prediction is vital for personalized health monitoring and fitness, while it frequently faces a critical challenge in real-world deployment: data heterogeneity. We classify it in two key dimensions: source heterogeneity from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zhengdong Huang , Zicheng Xie , Wentao Tian , Jingyu Liu , Lunhong Dong , Peng Yang

Electrocardiography (ECG), an electrical measurement which captures cardiac activities, is the gold standard for diagnosing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, ECG is infeasible for continuous cardiac monitoring due to its requirement…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Ella Lan

Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is used for AF detection, while photoplethysmography (PPG) is simple to use and appropriate for long-term monitoring. We have developed a novel approach to…

Most deep learning models of multiclass arrhythmia classification are tested on fingertip photoplethysmographic (PPG) data, which has higher signal-to-noise ratios compared to smartwatch-derived PPG, and the best reported sensitivity value…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 Dong Han , Jihye Moon , Luís Roberto Mercado Díaz , Darren Chen , Devan Williams , Eric Y. Ding , Khanh-Van Tran , David D. McManus , Ki H. Chon

Anomaly detection is vital in many domains, such as finance, healthcare, and cybersecurity. In this paper, we propose a novel deep anomaly detection method for tabular data that leverages Non-Parametric Transformers (NPTs), a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Hugo Thimonier , Fabrice Popineau , Arpad Rimmel , Bich-Liên Doan

Heart diseases rank among the leading causes of global mortality, demonstrating a crucial need for early diagnosis and intervention. Most traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) based automated diagnosis methods are trained at population level,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yaojun Hu , Jintai Chen , Lianting Hu , Dantong Li , Jiahuan Yan , Haochao Ying , Huiying Liang , Jian Wu

Wearable physiological monitors are ubiquitous, and photoplethysmography (PPG) is the standard low-cost sensor for measuring cardiac activity. Metrics such as inter-beat interval (IBI) and pulse-rate variability (PRV) -- core markers of…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yuna Watanabe , Natasha Yamane , Aarti Sathyanarayana , Varun Mishra , Matthew S. Goodwin

Deep learning based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has shown promising results in various vision-based applications, recently also in camera-based vital signs monitoring. The CNN-based Photoplethysmography (PPG) extraction has, so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Qi Zhan , Wenjin Wang , Gerard de Haan

Change point detection (CPD) and anomaly detection (AD) are essential techniques in various fields to identify abrupt changes or abnormal data instances. However, existing methods are often constrained to univariate data, face scalability…

Anomaly detection is fundamental yet, challenging problem with practical applications in industry. The current approaches neglect the higher-order dependencies within the networks of interconnected sensors in the high-dimensional time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Rajat Kumar Sarkar , Venkataramana Runkana

In precision sports such as archery, athletes' performance depends on both biomechanical stability and psychological resilience. Traditional motion analysis systems are often expensive and intrusive, limiting their use in natural training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xianghe Liu , Jiajia Liu , Chuxian Xu , Minghan Wang , Hongbo Peng , Tao Sun , Jiaqi Xu