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Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly deployed in safety-critical applications including autonomous vehicles and medical diagnostics. To reduce the residual risk for unexpected DNN behaviour and provide evidence for their trustworthy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Hasan Ferit Eniser , Simos Gerasimou , Alper Sen

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been extensively used in many areas including image processing, medical diagnostics, and autonomous driving. However, DNNs can exhibit erroneous behaviours that may lead to critical errors, especially when…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Zohreh Aghababaeyan , Manel Abdellatif , Lionel Briand , Ramesh S , Mojtaba Bagherzadeh

Neural networks offer a computationally efficient approximation of model predictive control, but they lack guarantees on the resulting controlled system's properties. Formal certification of neural networks is crucial for ensuring safety,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-05 Philip Sosnin , Calvin Tsay

The topic of provable deep neural network robustness has raised considerable interest in recent years. Most research has focused on adversarial robustness, which studies the robustness of perceptive models in the neighbourhood of particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Julien Girard-Satabin , Guillaume Charpiat , Zakaria Chihani , Marc Schoenauer

Despite their unprecedented success, DNNs are notoriously fragile to small shifts in data distribution, demanding effective testing techniques that can assess their dependability. Despite recent advances in DNN testing, there is a lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Sondess Missaoui , Simos Gerasimou , Nikolaos Matragkas

Artificial Neural networks (ANNs) are powerful computing systems employed for various applications due to their versatility to generalize and to respond to unexpected inputs/patterns. However, implementations of ANNs for safety-critical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Luiz H. Sena , Iury V. Bessa , Mikhail R. Gadelha , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Edjard Mota

Verifiable computing (VC) has gained prominence in decentralized machine learning systems, where resource-intensive tasks like deep neural network (DNN) inference are offloaded to external participants due to blockchain limitations. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Ali Rahimi , Babak H. Khalaj , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

Recently, formal verification of deep neural networks (DNNs) has garnered considerable attention, and over-approximation based methods have become popular due to their effectiveness and efficiency. However, these strategies face challenges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Zhen Liang , Taoran Wu , Ran Zhao , Bai Xue , Ji Wang , Wenjing Yang , Shaojun Deng , Wanwei Liu

Existing methods for testing DNNs solve the oracle problem by constraining the raw features (e.g. image pixel values) to be within a small distance of a dataset example for which the desired DNN output is known. But this limits the kinds of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Isaac Dunn , Hadrien Pouget , Daniel Kroening , Tom Melham

The rising popularity of neural networks (NNs) in recent years and their increasing prevalence in real-world applications have drawn attention to the importance of their verification. While verification is known to be computationally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Natalia Slusarz , Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Matthew L. Daggitt , Robert Stewart

We review state-of-the-art formal methods applied to the emerging field of the verification of machine learning systems. Formal methods can provide rigorous correctness guarantees on hardware and software systems. Thanks to the availability…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Caterina Urban , Antoine Miné

In this paper, we propose a system-level approach for verifying the safety of neural network controlled systems, combining a continuous-time physical system with a discrete-time neural network based controller. We assume a generic model for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Arthur Clavière , Eric Asselin , Christophe Garion , Claire Pagetti

We provide a novel approach to synthesize controllers for nonlinear continuous dynamical systems with control against safety properties. The controllers are based on neural networks (NNs). To certify the safety property we utilize barrier…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-22 Hengjun Zhao , Xia Zeng , Taolue Chen , Zhiming Liu , Jim Woodcock

Deep neural networks are revolutionizing the way complex systems are developed. However, these automatically-generated networks are opaque to humans, making it difficult to reason about them and guarantee their correctness. Here, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Yuval Jacoby , Clark Barrett , Guy Katz

In sequential decision making, neural networks (NNs) are nowadays commonly used to represent and learn the agent's policy. This area of application has implied new software quality assessment challenges that traditional validation and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Q. Mazouni , H. Spieker , A. Gotlieb , M. Acher

This paper presents the Neural Network Verification (NNV) software tool, a set-based verification framework for deep neural networks (DNNs) and learning-enabled cyber-physical systems (CPS). The crux of NNV is a collection of reachability…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-14 Hoang-Dung Tran , Xiaodong Yang , Diego Manzanas Lopez , Patrick Musau , Luan Viet Nguyen , Weiming Xiang , Stanley Bak , Taylor T. Johnson

Explainability has been widely stated as a cornerstone of the responsible and trustworthy use of machine learning models. With the ubiquitous use of Deep Neural Network (DNN) models expanding to risk-sensitive and safety-critical domains,…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), as valuable intellectual property, face unauthorized use. Existing protections, such as digital watermarking, are largely passive; they provide only post-hoc ownership verification and cannot actively prevent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Han Yang , Shaofeng Li , Tian Dong , Xiangyu Xu , Guangchi Liu , Zhen Ling

Automatic verification deals with the validation by means of computers of correctness certificates. The related tools, usually called proof assistants or interactive provers, provide an interactive environment for the creation of formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Andrea Asperti

We introduce a machine learning approach to model checking temporal logic, with application to formal hardware verification. Model checking answers the question of whether every execution of a given system satisfies a desired temporal logic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Mirco Giacobbe , Daniel Kroening , Abhinandan Pal , Michael Tautschnig