Related papers: Robbed withdrawal
A mathematical model is identifiable if its parameters can be recovered from data. Here, we focus on a particular class of model, linear compartmental models, which are used to represent the transfer of substances in a system. We analyze…
When submitting ``Coin-Flipping-based Quantum Oblivious Transfer'' (quant-ph/0605027v4) to Indocrypt-2006, I received valuable reviews. Due to the attacks in these reviews, my major protocols, for cheat-sensitive and coin-flipping-based 2-1…
Two-paths (wedges) are the elementary combinatorial objects behind clustering, triadic closure, redundancy, and brokerage. Motivated by a two-path formalism that links Burt's structural holes to node-centered ego networks, we develop an…
Understanding irreversibility in macrophysics from reversible microphysics has been the holy grail in statistical physics ever since the mid-19th century. Here the central question concerns the arrow of time, which boils down to deriving…
This article introduces a new mathematical concept of illiquidity that goes hand in hand with credit risk. The concept is not volume- but constraint-based, i.e., certain assets cannot be shorted and are ineligible as num\'eraire. If those…
The Fluctuation Theorem describes the probability ratio of observing trajectories that satisfy or violate the second law of thermodynamics. It has been proved in a number of different ways for thermostatted deterministic nonequilibrium…
For decades, the evolution of cooperation has piqued the interest of numerous academic disciplines such as game theory, economics, biology, and computer science. In this work, we demonstrate the emergence of a novel and effective resource…
The addition of wealth-attained advantage (WAA) to the Yard-Sale Model (YSM) of asset exchange has been demonstrated to induce wealth condensation. In a model of WAA for which the bias is a continuous function of the wealth difference of…
A money transfer involves a buyer and a seller. A buyer buys goods or services from a seller. The money the buyer decreases is the same as that the seller increases. At each time step, a pair of socially connected agents are selected and…
Empirical evidence suggests that heavy-tailed degree distributions occurring in many real networks are well-approximated by power laws with exponents $\eta$ that may take values either less than and greater than two. Models based on various…
Alice seeks an information-theoretically secure source of private random data. Unfortunately, she lacks a personal source and must use remote sources controlled by other parties. Alice wants to simulate a coin flip of specified bias…
The extended de Finetti theorem characterizes exchangeable infinite random sequences as conditionally i.i.d. and shows that the apparently weaker distributional symmetry of spreadability is equivalent to exchangeability. Our main result is…
We investigate the detailed dynamics of gains and losses made by agents in some kinetic models of wealth exchange. The concept of a walk in an abstract gain-loss space for the agents had been introduced in an earlier work. For models in…
When analyzing Bitcoin users' balance distribution, we observed that it follows a log-normal pattern. Drawing parallels from the successful application of Gibrat's law of proportional growth in explaining city size and word frequency…
This paper has been withdrawn due to an error in the proof of Theorem 5.3.
This paper introduces a space of variable lotteries and proves a constructive version of the expected utility theorem. The word ``constructive'' is used here in two senses. First, as in constructive mathematics, the logic underlying proofs…
Irreversibility is usually captured by a comparison between the process that happens and a corresponding "reverse process". In the last decades, this comparison has been extensively studied through fluctuation relations. Here we revisit…
Estimating counterfactual distributions under interventions is central to treatment risk assessment and counterfactual generation tasks. Existing approaches model the counterfactual distribution as a standalone generative target, without…
We study the problem of preventing double spending in electronic payment schemes in a distributed fashion. This problem occurs, for instance, when the spending of electronic coins needs to be controlled by a large collection of nodes (eg.…
In this paper we provide some conditions under which a Lie derivation on a trivial extension algebra is proper, that is, it can be decomposed into the sum of a derivation and a center valued map. We extend some known results on the…