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Food insecurity is a significant social and public health issue that plagues many urban metropolitan areas around the world. Existing approaches to identifying food insecurity rely primarily on qualitative and quantitative survey data,…

Timely recognition of plant pests from field images is significant to avoid potential losses of crop yields. Traditional convolutional neural network-based deep learning models demand high computational capability and require large labelled…

Global biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, yet little information is known about most species and how their populations are changing. Indeed, some 90% of Earth's species are estimated to be completely unknown. Machine…

Agriculture plays a critical role in the global economy, providing livelihoods and ensuring food security for billions. As innovative agricultural practices become more widespread, the risk of crop diseases has increased, highlighting the…

Ground vehicles equipped with monocular vision systems are a valuable source of high resolution image data for precision agriculture applications in orchards. This paper presents an image processing framework for fruit detection and…

Efficient use of cultivated areas is a necessary factor for sustainable development of agriculture and ensuring food security. Along with the rapid development of satellite technologies in developed countries, new methods are being searched…

Weed control is a critical challenge in modern agriculture, as weeds compete with crops for essential nutrient resources, significantly reducing crop yield and quality. Traditional weed control methods, including chemical and mechanical…

A common requirement of plant breeding programs across the country is companion planting -- growing different species of plants in close proximity so they can mutually benefit each other. However, the determination of companion plants…

Small farms contribute to a large share of the productive land in developing countries. In regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, where 80\% of farms are small (under 2 ha in size), the task of mapping smallholder cropland is an important part…

In this work, we present a new dataset to advance the state-of-the-art in fruit detection, segmentation, and counting in orchard environments. While there has been significant recent interest in solving these problems, the lack of a unified…

Clustering is a technique for the analysis of datasets obtained by empirical studies in several disciplines with a major application for biomedical research. Essentially, clustering algorithms are executed by machines aiming at finding…

Community detection is a powerful tool from complex networks analysis that finds applications in various research areas. Several image segmentation methods rely for instance on community detection algorithms as a black box in order to…

Understanding how biological communities respond to environmental changes is a key challenge in ecology and ecosystem management. The apparent decline of insect populations necessitates more biomonitoring but the time-consuming sorting and…

We describe an objective and automated method for detecting clusters of galaxies from optical imaging data. This method is a variant of the so-called `matched-filter' technique pioneered by Postman et al. (1996). With simultaneous use of…

Change detection in heterogeneous multitemporal satellite images is a challenging and still not much studied topic in remote sensing and earth observation. This paper focuses on comparison of image pairs covering the same geographical area…

Identification, classification, and quantification of crop defects are of paramount of interest to the farmers for preventive measures and decrease the yield loss through necessary remedial actions. Due to the vast agricultural field,…

Star clusters are often hard to find, as they may lie in a dense field of background objects or, because in the case of embedded clusters, they are surrounded by a more dispersed population of young stars. This paper discusses four…

Human society needs to increase food production by an estimated 70% by 2050 to feed an expected population size that is predicted to be over 9 billion people. Currently, infectious diseases reduce the potential yield by an average of 40%…

Cluster closure, defined as the progressive filling of gaps between the berries in a grape bunch, is a key trait in vineyard management, impacting disease risk. However, traditional visual scoring methods are labor-intensive, subjective,…

With the increase in world population, food resources have to be modified to be more productive, resistive, and reliable. Wheat is one of the most important food resources in the world, mainly because of the variety of wheat-based products.…