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The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a near-term combinatorial optimization algorithm suitable for noisy quantum devices. However, little is known about performance guarantees for $p>2$. A recent work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-20 Jonathan Wurtz , Danylo Lykov

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is considered to be one of the most promising approaches towards using near-term quantum computers for practical application. In its original form, the algorithm applies two different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-08 Mauro E. S. Morales , Jacob Biamonte , Zoltán Zimborás

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is widely studied for combinatorial optimization and has achieved significant advances both in theoretical guarantees and practical performance, yet for general combinatorial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Jingheng Wang , Shengminjie Chen , Xiaoming Sun , Jialin Zhang

Present-day, noisy, small or intermediate-scale quantum processors---although far from fault-tolerant---support the execution of heuristic quantum algorithms, which might enable a quantum advantage, for example, when applied to…

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading candidate for near-term quantum advantage, yet its practical impact is hindered by limited performance on symmetric local Hamiltonians and the costly optimisation of…

One of the main limitations of variational quantum algorithms is the classical optimization of the highly dimensional non-convex variational parameter landscape. To simplify this optimization, we can reduce the search space using problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Isak Lyngfelt , Laura García-Álvarez

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is one of the leading candidates for demonstrating the quantum advantage using near-term quantum computers. Unfortunately, high device error rates limit us from reliably running QAOA…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-06 Ramin Ayanzadeh , Narges Alavisamani , Poulami Das , Moinuddin Qureshi

Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a highly advocated variational algorithm for solving the combinatorial optimization problem. One critical feature in the quantum circuit of QAOA algorithm is that it consists of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Yuwei Jin , Jason Luo , Lucent Fong , Yanhao Chen , Ari B. Hayes , Chi Zhang , Fei Hua , Eddy Z. Zhang

Combinatorial optimization is an important application targeted by quantum computing. However, near-term hardware constraints make quantum algorithms unlikely to be competitive when compared to high-performing classical heuristics on large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Charles Moussa , Hao Wang , Henri Calandra , Thomas Bäck , Vedran Dunjko

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) represents a significant opportunity for practical quantum computing applications, particularly in the era before error correction is fully realized. This algorithm is especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Yiwen Liu , Qingyue Jiao , Yidong Zhou , Zhiding Liang , Yiyu Shi , Ke Wan , Shangjie Guo

The variational preparation of complex quantum states using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is of fundamental interest, and becomes a promising application of quantum computers. Here, we systematically study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Zheng-Hang Sun , Yong-Yi Wang , Jian Cui , Heng Fan

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) can require considerable processing time for developers to test and debug their codes on expensive quantum devices. One avenue to circumvent this difficulty is to use the error maps of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Wilson R. M. Rabelo , Sandra D. Prado , Leonardo G. Brunnet

We study MaxCut on 3-regular graphs of minimum girth $g$ for various $g$'s. We obtain new lower bounds on the maximum cut achievable in such graphs by analyzing the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). For $g \geq 16$, at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Edward Farhi , Sam Gutmann , Daniel Ranard , Benjamin Villalonga

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithms (QAOA) promise efficient solutions to classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems by harnessing shallow-depth quantum circuits. Yet, their performance and scalability often hinge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Kuan-Cheng Chen , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Wei-Hao Huang

Analog quantum algorithms are formulated in terms of Hamiltonians rather than unitary gates and include quantum adiabatic computing, quantum annealing, and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). These algorithms are…

Combinatorial optimization is one of the fields where near term quantum devices are being utilized with hybrid quantum-classical algorithms to demonstrate potentially practical applications of quantum computing. One of the most well studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-22 Anthony Angone , Xioayuan Liu , Ruslan Shaydulin , Ilya Safro

Constrained combinatorial optimization with strict linear constraints underpins applications in drug discovery, power grids, logistics, and finance, yet remains computationally demanding for classical algorithms, especially at large scales.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Yajie Hao , Qiming Ding , Xiao Yuan , Xiaoting Wang

A combinatorial optimization problem becomes very difficult in situations where the energy landscape is rugged, and the global minimum locates in a narrow region of the configuration space. When using the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-22 Zhen-Duo Wang , Pei-Lin Zheng , Biao Wu , Yi Zhang

In the rapidly advancing domain of quantum optimization, the confluence of quantum algorithms such as Quantum Annealing (QA) and the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with robust optimization methodologies presents a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Pascal Halffmann , Steve Lenk , Michael Trebing

Multi-objective optimization is a ubiquitous problem that arises naturally in many scientific and industrial areas. Network routing optimization with multi-objective performance demands falls into this problem class, and finding good…

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