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This thesis focuses on gravitational waves (GWs) that arise beyond linear order in cosmological perturbation theory. In recent years, scalar-induced GWs have attracted significant attention because they may serve as the observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Raphael Picard

We study the induced primordial gravitational waves (GW) coming from the effect of scalar perturbation on the tensor perturbation at the second order of cosmological perturbation theory. We use the evolution of the standard model degrees of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-02-19 Fazlollah Hajkarim , Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich

We investigate the non-Gaussianity of second-order matter density perturbations induced by primordial gravitational waves (GWs). These tensor-induced scalar modes arise from local fluctuations in the GWs energy density, which is quadratic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Mariam Abdelaziz , Pritha Bari , Sabino Matarrese , Angelo Ricciardone

Compared to primordial perturbations on large scales, roughly larger than $1$ megaparsec, those on smaller scales are not severely constrained. We revisit the issue of probing small-scale primordial perturbations using gravitational waves…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 Keisuke Inomata , Tomohiro Nakama

We investigate the second order gravitational waves induced by the primordial scalar and tensor perturbations during radiation-dominated era. The explicit expressions of the power spectra of the second order GWs are presented. We calculate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-19 Zhe Chang , Xukun Zhang , Jing-Zhi Zhou

We derive the complete spectrum of gravitational waves induced by primordial scalar perturbations ranging over all observable wavelengths. This scalar-induced contribution can be computed directly from the observed scalar perturbations and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniel Baumann , Kiyotomo Ichiki , Paul J. Steinhardt , Keitaro Takahashi

Since the gravitational waves were detected by LIGO and Virgo, it has been promising that lots of information about the primordial Universe could be learned by further observations on stochastic gravitational waves background. The studies…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Jing-Zhi Zhou , Xukun Zhang , Qing-Hua Zhu , Zhe Chang

A tensor-type cosmological perturbation, defined as a transverse and traceless spatial fluctuation, is often interpreted as the gravitational waves. While decoupled from the scalar-type perturbations in linear order, the tensor…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Jai-chan Hwang , Donghui Jeong , Hyerim Noh

Large-scale primordial perturbations have been well constrained by current cosmological observations, but the properties of small-scale perturbations remain elusive. This study focuses on second-order induced gravitational waves generated…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-11 Di Wu , Zhi-Chao Li , Peng-Yu Wu , Fei-Yu Chen , Jing-Zhi Zhou

Primordial gravitational waves are a crucial prediction of inflation theory, and their detection through their imprints on the cosmic microwave background is actively being pursued. However, these attempts have not yet been successful. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-06 Yan-Heng Yu , Sai Wang

Scalar induced gravitational waves contribute to the cosmological gravitational wave background. They can be related to the primordial density power spectrum produced towards the end of inflation and therefore are a convenient new tool to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-10 Raphael Picard , Karim A. Malik

Cosmological stochastic gravitational waves (GWs) induced by a spectator field are usually expected to have an amplitude very small compared with those generated by the curvature perturbation, or equivalently by a field dominating the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-04 Mohammad Ali Gorji , Misao Sasaki

This paper discusses the gauge issue touching the gravitational waves induced at the second order by the scalar modes of cosmological perturbations. These waves are known to depend on the gauge used for their calculation. In this paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-27 Vincent Comeau

We study the generation and evolution of second-order energy-density perturbations arising from primordial gravitational waves. Such "tensor-induced scalar modes" approximately evolve as standard linear matter perturbations and may leave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-30 Pritha Bari , Angelo Ricciardone , Nicola Bartolo , Daniele Bertacca , Sabino Matarrese

Primordial scalar curvature perturbations ($\zeta$), typically probed on large cosmological scales via CMB and LSS observations, can be significantly enhanced on smaller scales by various early Universe mechanisms, for instance, non-minimal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-30 Mauro Pieroni

There is a growing expectation that the gravitational wave detectors will start probing the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds in the following years. We explore the spectral shapes of gravitational waves induced to second order by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 Ioannis Dalianis , Konstantinos Kritos

Gravitational wave (GW) oscillations occur whenever there are additional tensor modes interacting with the perturbations of the metric coupled to matter. These extra modes can arise from new spin-2 fields (as in e.g. bigravity theories) or…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Jose Beltrán Jiménez , Jose María Ezquiaga , Lavinia Heisenberg

The imprint of gravitational waves (GWs) on large-scale structures (LSS) is a useful and promising way to detect or to constrain them. Tensor fossils have been largely studied in the literature as an indirect way to detect primordial GWs.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-19 Pritha Bari , Daniele Bertacca , Nicola Bartolo , Angelo Ricciardone , Serena Giardiello , Sabino Matarrese

Gravitational waves (GWs) are useful to test gravitational theories and to probe the physics in the early universe. In this paper, we investigate the scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) in symmetric teleparallel gravity with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-15 Fengge Zhang , Jia-Xi Feng , Xian Gao

Gravitational waves (GWs) can undoubtedly serve as a messenger from the early Universe acting as well as a novel probe of the underlying gravity theory. In this work, motivated by one-loop vacuum-polarization effects on curved spacetime, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-02 Theodoros Papanikolaou , Charalampos Tzerefos , Salvatore Capozziello , Gaetano Lambiase
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