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Over the last decades, deep neural networks based-models became the dominant paradigm in machine learning. Further, the use of artificial neural networks in symbolic learning has been seen as increasingly relevant recently. To study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 João Flach , Alvaro F. Moreira , Luis C. Lamb

As neural networks grow deeper and wider, learning networks with hard-threshold activations is becoming increasingly important, both for network quantization, which can drastically reduce time and energy requirements, and for creating large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Abram L. Friesen , Pedro Domingos

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive supervised classification performance in many tasks including image recognition, speech recognition, and sequence to sequence learning. However, this success has not been translated to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Arvind Neelakantan , Quoc V. Le , Ilya Sutskever

Practitioners apply neural networks to increasingly complex problems in natural language processing, such as syntactic parsing and semantic role labeling that have rich output structures. Many such structured-prediction problems require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Jay Yoon Lee , Sanket Vaibhav Mehta , Michael Wick , Jean-Baptiste Tristan , Jaime Carbonell

We propose Nester, a method for injecting neural networks into constrained structured predictors. The job of the neural network(s) is to compute an initial, raw prediction that is compatible with the input data but does not necessarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Paolo Dragone , Stefano Teso , Andrea Passerini

Symbolic regression is a powerful technique that can discover analytical equations that describe data, which can lead to explainable models and generalizability outside of the training data set. In contrast, neural networks have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Samuel Kim , Peter Y. Lu , Srijon Mukherjee , Michael Gilbert , Li Jing , Vladimir Čeperić , Marin Soljačić

Imposing constraints on the output of a Deep Neural Net is one way to improve the quality of its predictions while loosening the requirements for labeled training data. Such constraints are usually imposed as soft constraints by adding new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-08 Pablo Márquez-Neila , Mathieu Salzmann , Pascal Fua

Current advances in Artificial Intelligence and machine learning in general, and deep learning in particular have reached unprecedented impact not only across research communities, but also over popular media channels. However, concerns…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Artur d'Avila Garcez , Marco Gori , Luis C. Lamb , Luciano Serafini , Michael Spranger , Son N. Tran

Diagnosis prediction is a critical task in healthcare, where timely and accurate identification of medical conditions can significantly impact patient outcomes. Traditional machine learning and deep learning models have achieved notable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Qiuhao Lu , Rui Li , Elham Sagheb , Andrew Wen , Jinlian Wang , Liwei Wang , Jungwei W. Fan , Hongfang Liu

We propose a method for efficiently incorporating constraints into a stochastic gradient Langevin framework for the training of deep neural networks. Constraints allow direct control of the parameter space of the model. Appropriately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Benedict Leimkuhler , Timothée Pouchon , Tiffany Vlaar , Amos Storkey

Symbolic regression is a type of discrete optimization problem that involves searching expressions that fit given data points. In many cases, other mathematical constraints about the unknown expression not only provide more information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Li Li , Minjie Fan , Rishabh Singh , Patrick Riley

In this paper, a deep neural network approach and a neuro-symbolic one are proposed for classification and regression. The neuro-symbolic predictive models based on Logic Tensor Networks are capable of discriminating and in the same time of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Eduard Hogea , Darian Onchis

Despite the extensive investment and impressive recent progress at reasoning by similarity, deep learning continues to struggle with more complex forms of reasoning such as non-monotonic and commonsense reasoning. Non-monotonicity is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Sofoklis Kyriakopoulos , Artur S. d'Avila Garcez

We develop a general approach to distill symbolic representations of a learned deep model by introducing strong inductive biases. We focus on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). The technique works as follows: we first encourage sparse latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Miles Cranmer , Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez , Peter Battaglia , Rui Xu , Kyle Cranmer , David Spergel , Shirley Ho

This work examines the challenges of training neural networks using vector quantization using straight-through estimation. We find that a primary cause of training instability is the discrepancy between the model embedding and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Minyoung Huh , Brian Cheung , Pulkit Agrawal , Phillip Isola

We study the problem of learning neural classifiers in a neurosymbolic setting where the hidden gold labels of input instances must satisfy a logical formula. Learning in this setting proceeds by first computing (a subset of) the possible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aaditya Naik , Efthymia Tsamoura , Shibo Jin , Mayur Naik , Dan Roth

In response to the global challenge of mental health problems, we proposes a Logical Neural Network (LNN) based Neuro-Symbolic AI method for the diagnosis of mental disorders. Due to the lack of effective therapy coverage for mental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yeldar Toleubay , Don Joven Agravante , Daiki Kimura , Baihan Lin , Djallel Bouneffouf , Michiaki Tatsubori

Logic-based problems such as planning, theorem proving, or puzzles, typically involve combinatoric search and structured knowledge representation. Artificial neural networks are very successful statistical learners, however, for many years,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-11 Gadi Pinkas , Shimon Cohen

Recent progress in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) can be largely attributed to the use of neural networks. However, this black-box approach fails to explain the learned policy in a human understandable way. To address this challenge and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Zhihao Ma , Yuzheng Zhuang , Paul Weng , Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Dong Li , Wulong Liu , Jianye Hao

When neural networks are used to solve differential equations, they usually produce solutions in the form of black-box functions that are not directly mathematically interpretable. We introduce a method for generating symbolic expressions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Maysum Panju , Ali Ghodsi