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Quantum error mitigation is an important technique to reduce the impact of noise in quantum computers. With more and more qubits being supported on quantum computers, there are two emerging fundamental challenges. First, the number of shots…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Dror Baron , Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Huiyang Zhou

The accumulation of noise in quantum computers is the dominant issue stymieing the push of quantum algorithms beyond their classical counterparts. We do not expect to be able to afford the overhead required for quantum error correction in…

An important measure of the development of quantum computing platforms has been the simulation of increasingly complex physical systems. Prior to fault-tolerant quantum computing, robust error mitigation strategies are necessary to continue…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 T. E. O'Brien , G. Anselmetti , F. Gkritsis , V. E. Elfving , S. Polla , W. J. Huggins , O. Oumarou , K. Kechedzhi , D. Abanin , R. Acharya , I. Aleiner , R. Allen , T. I. Andersen , K. Anderson , M. Ansmann , F. Arute , K. Arya , A. Asfaw , J. Atalaya , D. Bacon , J. C. Bardin , A. Bengtsson , S. Boixo , G. Bortoli , A. Bourassa , J. Bovaird , L. Brill , M. Broughton , B. Buckley , D. A. Buell , T. Burger , B. Burkett , N. Bushnell , J. Campero , Y. Chen , Z. Chen , B. Chiaro , D. Chik , J. Cogan , R. Collins , P. Conner , W. Courtney , A. L. Crook , B. Curtin , D. M. Debroy , S. Demura , I. Drozdov , A. Dunsworth , C. Erickson , L. Faoro , E. Farhi , R. Fatemi , V. S. Ferreira , L. Flores Burgos , E. Forati , A. G. Fowler , B. Foxen , W. Giang , C. Gidney , D. Gilboa , M. Giustina , R. Gosula , A. Grajales Dau , J. A. Gross , S. Habegger , M. C. Hamilton , M. Hansen , M. P. Harrigan , S. D. Harrington , P. Heu , J. Hilton , M. R. Hoffmann , S. Hong , T. Huang , A. Huff , L. B. Ioffe , S. V. Isakov , J. Iveland , E. Jeffrey , Z. Jiang , C. Jones , P. Juhas , D. Kafri , J. Kelly , T. Khattar , M. Khezri , M. Kieferová , S. Kim , P. V. Klimov , A. R. Klots , R. Kothari , A. N. Korotkov , F. Kostritsa , J. M. Kreikebaum , D. Landhuis , P. Laptev , K. Lau , L. Laws , J. Lee , K. Lee , B. J. Lester , A. T. Lill , W. Liu , W. P. Livingston , A. Locharla , E. Lucero , F. D. Malone , S. Mandra , O. Martin , S. Martin , J. R. McClean , T. McCourt , M. McEwen , A. Megrant , X. Mi , A. Mieszala , K. C. Miao , M. Mohseni , S. Montazeri , A. Morvan , R. Movassagh , W. Mruczkiewicz , O. Naaman , M. Neeley , C. Neill , A. Nersisyan , H. Neven , M. Newman , J. H. Ng , A. Nguyen , M. Nguyen , M. Y. Niu , S. Omonije , A. Opremcak , A. Petukhov , R. Potter , L. P. Pryadko , C. Quintana , C. Rocque , P. Roushan , N. Saei , D. Sank , K. Sankaragomathi , K. J. Satzinger , H. F. Schurkus , C. Schuster , M. J. Shearn , A. Shorter , N. Shutty , V. Shvarts , J. Skruzny , V. Smelyanskiy , W. C. Smith , R. Somma , G. Sterling , D. Strain , M. Szalay , D. Thor , A. Torres , G. Vidal , B. Villalonga , C. Vollgraff Heidweiller , T. White , B. W. K. Woo , C. Xing , Z. J. Yao , P. Yeh , J. Yoo , G. Young , A. Zalcman , Y. Zhang , N. Zhu , N. Zobrist , C. Gogolin , R. Babbush , N. C. Rubin

We describe new implementations of quantum error correction that are continuous in time, and thus described by continuous dynamical maps. We evaluate the performance of such schemes using numerical simulations, and comment on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Mohan Sarovar , G. J. Milburn

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is a class of promising techniques capable of reducing the computational error of variational quantum algorithms tailored for current noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers. The recently proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Yifeng Xiong , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Fast tuning of the transition frequency of superconducting qubits using magnetic flux is essential, for example, for realizing high-fidelity two-qubit gates with low leakage or for reducing errors in dispersive qubit readout. To apply…

Error mitigation techniques are crucial to achieving near-term quantum advantage. Classical post-processing of quantum computation outcomes is a popular approach for error mitigation, which includes methods such as Zero Noise Extrapolation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Maksym Prodius , Piotr Czarnik , Michael McKerns , Andrew T. Sornborger , Lukasz Cincio

Correcting errors is a vital but expensive component of fault tolerant quantum computation. Standard fault tolerant protocol assumes the implementation of error correction, via syndrome measurements and possible recovery operations, after…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-09 Yaakov S. Weinstein

Quasiparticle tunneling events are a source of decoherence and correlated errors in superconducting circuits. Understanding and ultimately mitigating these errors calls for real-time detection of quasiparticle tunneling events on individual…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Simon Sundelin , Linus Andersson , Hampus Brunander , Simone Gasparinetti

The schemes for fault-tolerant postselected quantum computation given in [Knill, Fault-Tolerant Postselected Quantum Computation: Schemes, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0402171] are analyzed to determine their error-tolerance. The analysis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Knill

Experimentalists seeking to improve the coherent lifetimes of quantum bits have generally focused on mitigating decoherence mechanisms through, for example, improvements to qubit designs and materials, and system isolation from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-17 H. Ball , W. D. Oliver , M. J. Biercuk

We present a systematic investigation of deep learning methods applied to quantum error mitigation of noisy output probability distributions from measured quantum circuits. We compare different architectures, from fully connected neural…

Error-correction process has to be carried out periodically to prevent accumulation of errors in fault-tolerant quantum computation. It is believed that the best choice to get maximum threshold value is carrying out an error-correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-28 Min Liang , Li Yang

We present a method to improve the convergence of variational algorithms based on hidden inverses to mitigate coherent errors. In the context of error mitigation, this means replacing the on hardware implementation of certain Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Vicente Leyton-Ortega , Swarnadeep Majumder , Raphael C. Pooser

The construction of large, coherent quantum systems necessary for quantum computation remains an entreating but elusive goal, due to the ubiquitous nature of decoherence. Recent progress in quantum error correction schemes have given new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Isaac L. Chuang , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Performing experiments on small-scale quantum computers is certainly a challenging endeavor. Many parameters need to be optimized to achieve high-fidelity operations. This can be done efficiently for operations acting on single qubits as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-31 M. Müller , A. Rivas , E. A. Martínez , D. Nigg , P. Schindler , T. Monz , R. Blatt , M. A. Martin-Delgado

The paper describes the means to reveal and characterize slow periodic modulation of qubit frequency. Such modulation can come from different sources and can impact qubit stability. We show that the modulation leads to very sharp peaks in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 Filip Wudarski , Yaxing Zhang , Juan Atalaya , M. I. Dykman

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

We investigate qubit error bursts in 5- and 7-transmon processors of similar design, fabrication and packaging, but with different types of qubit Josephson junctions. Measurements for each are performed in two refrigerators to discern…

In Phys. Rev. A 108, L060402 (2023), we introduced a Bayesian measurement error mitigation algorithm, which leveraged complete information from the readout signal, and validated the protocol on a quantum device with five superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 F. Cosco , F. Plastina , N. Lo Gullo