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Discriminative approaches to classification often learn shortcuts that hold in-distribution but fail even under minor distribution shift. This failure mode stems from an overreliance on features that are spuriously correlated with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Alexander C. Li , Ananya Kumar , Deepak Pathak

Score-based generative models require guidance in order to generate plausible, on-manifold samples. The most popular guidance method, Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG), is only applicable in settings with labeled data and requires training an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Eric Yeats , Darryl Hannan , Wilson Fearn , Timothy Doster , Henry Kvinge , Scott Mahan

Score-based generative models (SGMs) sample from a target distribution by iteratively transforming noise using the score function of the perturbed target. For any finite training set, this score function can be evaluated in closed form, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Christopher Scarvelis , Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde , Justin Solomon

Handling imbalance in class distribution when building a classifier over tabular data has been a problem of long-standing interest. One popular approach is augmenting the training dataset with synthetically generated data. While classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Annie D'souza , Swetha M , Sunita Sarawagi

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) aims to train a machine learning model using both labelled and unlabelled data. While the unlabelled data have been used in various ways to improve the prediction accuracy, the reason why unlabelled data could…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Archer Moore , Heejung Shim , Jingge Zhu , Mingming Gong

In this work, we propose a simple yet effective meta-learning algorithm in semi-supervised learning. We notice that most existing consistency-based approaches suffer from overfitting and limited model generalization ability, especially when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Xin-Yu Zhang , Taihong Xiao , Haolin Jia , Ming-Ming Cheng , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have demonstrated remarkable synthesis quality. SGMs rely on a diffusion process that gradually perturbs the data towards a tractable distribution, while the generative model learns to denoise. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-28 Tim Dockhorn , Arash Vahdat , Karsten Kreis

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been remarkably successful in learning complex high dimensional real word distributions and generating realistic samples. However, they provide limited control over the generation process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Arunava Chakraborty , Rahul Ragesh , Mahir Shah , Nipun Kwatra

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a promising class of generative models. However, a fundamental limitation is that their sampling process is slow due to a need for many (e.g., 2000) iterations of sequential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Hengyuan Ma , Xiatian Zhu , Jianfeng Feng , Li Zhang

The remarkable success of deep learning in recent years has prompted applications in medical image classification and diagnosis tasks. While classification models have demonstrated robustness in classifying simpler datasets like MNIST or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Sushmita Sarker , Prithul Sarker , George Bebis , Alireza Tavakkoli

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a promising class of generative models. However, a fundamental limitation is that their inference is very slow due to a need for many (e.g., 2000) iterations of sequential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Hengyuan Ma , Li Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Jianfeng Feng

In practical compressed sensing (CS), the obtained measurements typically necessitate quantization to a limited number of bits prior to transmission or storage. This nonlinear quantization process poses significant recovery challenges,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Xiangming Meng , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

Recent methods for conditional image generation benefit from dense supervision such as segmentation label maps to achieve high-fidelity. However, it is rarely explored to employ dense supervision for unconditional image generation. Here we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Gayoung Lee , Hyunsu Kim , Junho Kim , Seonghyeon Kim , Jung-Woo Ha , Yunjey Choi

Deep generative models trained with large amounts of unlabelled data have proven to be powerful within the domain of unsupervised learning. Many real life data sets contain a small amount of labelled data points, that are typically…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-04 Lars Maaløe , Marco Fraccaro , Ole Winther

The tremendous success of generative models in recent years raises the question whether they can also be used to perform classification. Generative models have been used as adversarially robust classifiers on simple datasets such as MNIST,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-14 Roland S. Zimmermann , Lukas Schott , Yang Song , Benjamin A. Dunn , David A. Klindt

The ever-increasing size of modern data sets combined with the difficulty of obtaining label information has made semi-supervised learning one of the problems of significant practical importance in modern data analysis. We revisit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-06 Diederik P. Kingma , Danilo J. Rezende , Shakir Mohamed , Max Welling

Score-based generative modeling (SGM) is a highly successful approach for learning a probability distribution from data and generating further samples. We prove the first polynomial convergence guarantees for the core mechanic behind SGM:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Holden Lee , Jianfeng Lu , Yixin Tan

When modeling class-imbalanced data, it is crucial to address the imbalance, as models trained on such data tend to be biased towards the majority classes. This problem is amplified under partial supervision, where pseudo-labels for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Heegeon Yoon , Heeyoung Kim

Controllable molecular graph generation is essential for material and drug discovery, where generated molecules must satisfy diverse property constraints. While recent advances in graph diffusion models have improved generation quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Anjie Qiao , Zhen Wang , Chuan Chen , DeFu Lian , Enhong Chen

Score-based generative models (SGMs) are powerful tools to sample from complex data distributions. Their underlying idea is to (i) run a forward process for time $T_1$ by adding noise to the data, (ii) estimate its score function, and (iii)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Francesco Pedrotti , Jan Maas , Marco Mondelli