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A general satellite channel model is proposed for communications between a rapidly moving low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite in a mega-constellation and a stationary user on Earth. The channel uses a non-homogeneous binomial point process…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Brendon McBain , Yi Hong , Emanuele Viterbo

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites play a crucial role in the development of 6G mobile networks and space-air-ground integrated systems. Recent advancements in space technology have empowered LEO satellites with the capability to run AI…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Minghao Yang , Jingjing Zhang , Shengyun Liu

Integrating contention-based random access procedures into low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication (SatCom) systems poses new challenges, including long propagation delays, large Doppler shifts, and a large number of simultaneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Hyunwoo Lee , Ian P. Roberts , Jinkyo Jeong , Daesik Hong

LEO-to-GEO intersatellite links using laser communications bring important benefits to greatly enhance applications such as downloading big amounts of data from LEO satellites by using the GEO satellite as a relay. By using this strategy,…

Relay nodes-enhanced architectures are deemed a viable solution to enhance coverage and capacity of nowadays cellular networks. Besides a number of desirable features, these architectures reduce the average distance between users and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-05-06 Mattia Minelli , Maode Ma , Marceau Coupechoux , Jean-Marc Kelif , Marc Sigelle , Philippe Godlewski

Delivering broadband connectivity to unconnected areas is extremely challenging. The emergence of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems has been seen as a potential solution for connecting remote areas. Despite the hype around these new…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-25 Osoro B. Ogutu , Edward J. Oughton

Providing truly ubiquitous connectivity requires development of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet, whose theoretical study is lagging behind network-specific simulations. In this paper, we derive analytical expressions for the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-26 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen

Networked low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations enabled by inter-satellite links offer a promising path toward ubiquitous broadband non-terrestrial services. However, fast orbital motion induces frequent scheduling updates and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yuchen Zhang , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

With the development of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) becomes a major trend in the next-generation networks. However, due to the instability of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Boran Wang , Ziye Jia , Can Cui , Qihui Wu

With the development of the massive satellite constellation and the on-orbit laser-based communication equipment, the wavelength routing optical satellite network (WROSN) becomes a potential solution for on-orbit, high-capacity, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jingkai Yang , Qiwen Ran , Hongyu Wu , Jing Ma

Large-scale low-Earth-orbit (LEO) constellations demand routing that simultaneously minimizes energy, guarantees delivery under congestion, and meets latency requirements for time-critical flows. We present a segment routing over IPv6…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jintao Liang , Pablo G. Madoery , Chung-Horng Lung , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

This paper investigates uplink transmission from a single-antenna mobile phone to a cluster of satellites, emphasizing the role of inter-satellite links (ISLs) in facilitating cooperative signal detection. The study focuses on non-ideal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-04 Zohre Mashayekh Bakhsh , Yasaman Omid , Gaojie Chen , Farbod Kayhan , Yi Ma , Rahim Tafazolli

The low-orbit mega-constellation network (LMCN) is an important part of the space-air-ground integrated network system. An effective satellite-ground interconnection design can result in a stable constellation topology for LMCNs. A naive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Wenhao Liu , Jiazhi Wu , Quanwei Lin , Handong Luo , Qi Zhang , Kun Qiu , Zhe Chen , Yue Gao

The emergence of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations is dynamically transforming the space sector. While free-space optical (FSO) links efficiently facilitate intersatellite data forwarding, they suffer from…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Pablo G. Madoery , Juan A. Fraire , Jorge M. Finochietto , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Terrestrial network limitations drive the integration of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), notably mega-constellations comprising thousands of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. While these satellites act as interconnected network switches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Sivaram Krishnan , Bassel Al Homssi , Zhouyou Gu , Jihong Park , Sung-Min Oh , Jinho Choi

In this paper, we focus on the use of Low-Eart Orbit (LEO) satellites providing the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) connectivity to the on-ground user equipment (UEs). Conventional resource allocation algorithms for the NBIoT systems…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 O. Kodheli , N. Maturo , S. Chatzinotas , S. Andrenacci , F. Zimmer

In this paper, we investigate an important research problem facing the upcoming satellite Internet: from a network perspective, how many satellites exactly do we need to construct a survivable and performant LSN? To answer this question, we…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Zeqi Lai , Yibo Wang , Hewu Li , Qian Wu , Qi Zhang , Yunan Hou , Jun Liu , Yuanjie Li

With the reduction of satellite costs and the enhancement of processing capabilities, low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations can independently build inter-satellite networks without relying on traditional ground stations restricted…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Xue Sun , Changhao Li , Lei Yan , Suzhi Cao

To achieve the Internet of Things (IoT) vision,Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is a promising technology aimed at providing low-latency computing services to user equipment (UE). However, terrestrial MEC network struggles to provide service to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Chunyi Ma , Jiajie Xu , Jianhua Yang , Mustafa A. Kishk

Google's congestion control (GCC) has become a cornerstone for real-time video and audio communication, yet its performance remains fragile in emerging Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks. In this paper, we study the behavior of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Aashish Gottipati , Lili Qiu