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The $b$-value in the Gutenberg-Richter (GR) law contains information that is essential for evaluating earthquake hazard and predicting the occurrence of large earthquakes. Estimates of $b$ are often based on seismic events whose magnitude…

Geophysics · Physics 2018-03-19 Jesper Martinsson , Adam Jonsson

The identification of patterns in space, time, and magnitude, which could potentially encode the subsequent earthquake magnitude, represents a significant challenge in earthquake forecasting. A pivotal aspect of this endeavor involves the…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Eugenio Lippiello , Lucilla de Arcangelis , Cataldo Godano

We propose that the widely observed and universal Gutenberg-Richter relation is a mathematical consequence of the critical branching nature of earthquake process in a brittle fracture environment. These arguments, though preliminary, are…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 Yan Y. Kagan

The Gutenberg-Richter law is a fundamental empirical law in seismology describing earthquake frequency-magnitude distributions, with one of its key parameters, the so-called b-value, quantifying the relative frequency of small versus large…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-03-10 Wenbo Pan , Zixin Zhang , Bjorn Lund , Qinghua Lei

The Gutenberg-Richter power law distribution of earthquake sizes is one of the most famous example illustrating self-similarity. It is well-known that the Gutenberg-Richter distribution has to be modified for large seismic moments, due to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-12-07 D. Sornette , A. Sornette

The upper bound earthquake magnitude (maximum possible magnitude) of a truncated Gutenberg-Richter relation is the right truncation point (right end-point) of a truncated exponential distribution and is important in the probabilistic…

Geophysics · Physics 2018-07-30 Mathias Raschke

The $b$-value in earthquake magnitude-frequency distribution quantifies the relative frequency of large versus small earthquakes. Monitoring its evolution could provide fundamental insights into temporal variations of stress on different…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-06-19 Eugenio Lippiello , Giuseppe Petrillo

It is well accepted that, at the global scale, the Gutenberg-Richter (GR) law describing the distribution of earthquake magnitude or seismic moment has to be modified at the tail to properly account for the most extreme events. It is…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-11-10 Alvaro Corral , Isabel Serra

A new non-parametric statistic is introduced for the characterization of deviations from power laws. It is tested on the distribution of seismic energies given by the Gutenberg-Richter law. Based on the two first statistical log-moments, it…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Pisarenko , D. Sornette , M. Rodkin

We introduce a new model for an earthquake fault system that is composed of non-interacting simple lattice models with different levels of damage denoted by $q$. The undamaged lattice models ($q=0$) have Gutenberg-Richter scaling with a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-17 C. A. Serino , K. F. Tiampo , W. Klein

The distribution of seismic moment is of capital interest to evaluate earthquake hazard, in particular regarding the most extreme events. We make use of likelihood-ratio tests to compare the simple Gutenberg-Richter power-law distribution…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-09-07 Isabel Serra , Álvaro Corral

We make an extensive numerical study of a two dimensional nonconservative model proposed by Olami-Feder-Christensen to describe earthquake behavior. By analyzing the distribution of earthquake sizes using a multiscaling method, we find…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-31 Stefano Lise , Maya Paczuski

Power-law type distributions are extensively found when studying the behaviour of many complex systems. However, due to limitations in data acquisition, empirical datasets often only cover a narrow range of observation, making it difficult…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-12-11 Víctor Navas-Portella , Álvaro González , Isabel Serra , Eduard Vives , Álvaro Corral

The statistics of earthquakes in a heterogeneous fault zone is studied analytically and numerically in the mean field version of a model for a segmented fault system in a three-dimensional elastic solid. The studies focus on the interplay…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Karin Dahmen , Deniz Ertas , Yehuda Ben-Zion

We have written a new equation to study the statistics of earthquake distributions. We call this equation "the generalized logistic equation". The Gutenberg-Richter frequency-magnitude formula was derived from the solution of the…

Geophysics · Physics 2012-09-25 Lev A. Maslov , Vladimir M. Anokhin

It was conjectured for a long time that the tectonic plates are in a self-organized state of criticality and that the Gutenberg-Richter law is a manifestation of that. It was recently shown that for a system near criticality, the inequality…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-02-12 Sudip Sarkar , Soumyajyoti Biswas

We propose a new version of the ETAS model, which we also analyze theoretically. As for the standard ETAS model, we assume the Gutenberg-Richter law as a probability density function for background events' magnitude. Instead, the magnitude…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-23 Ilaria Spassiani , Giovanni Sebastiani

The area-characteristic, maximum possible earthquake magnitude $T_M$ is required by the earthquake engineering community, disaster management agencies and the insurance industry. The Gutenberg-Richter law predicts that earthquake magnitudes…

Applications · Statistics 2018-01-19 Jan Beirlant , Andrzej Kijko , Tom Reynkens , John H. J. Einmahl

Self-similarity may stem from two origins: the process' increments infinite variance and/or process' memory. The $b$-value of the Gutenberg-Richter law comes from the first origin. In the frame of natural time analysis of earthquake data, a…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 P. A. Varotsos , N. V. Sarlis , E. S. Skordas

Earthquake phenomenology exhibits a number of power law distributions including the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-size statistics and the Omori law for aftershock decay rates. In search for a basic model that renders correct predictions on…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-11 Amit P. Mehta , Karin A. Dahmen , Yehuda Ben-Zion
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