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Large crowdsourced datasets are widely used for training and evaluating neural models on natural language inference (NLI). Despite these efforts, neural models have a hard time capturing logical inferences, including those licensed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Hitomi Yanaka , Koji Mineshima , Daisuke Bekki , Kentaro Inui , Satoshi Sekine , Lasha Abzianidze , Johan Bos

Unlearning seeks to remove specific knowledge from large language models (LLMs), but its effectiveness remains contested. On one side, "forgotten" knowledge can often be recovered through interventions such as light fine-tuning; on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qingjie Zhang , Haoting Qian , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Minlie Huang , Ke Xu , Chao Zhang , Han Qiu

Large language models are transforming the creative process by offering unprecedented capabilities to algorithmically generate ideas. While these tools can enhance human creativity when people co-create with them, it's unclear how this will…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Harsh Kumar , Jonathan Vincentius , Ewan Jordan , Ashton Anderson

Recent studies have highlighted the limitations of large language models in mathematical reasoning, particularly their inability to capture the underlying logic. Inspired by meta-learning, we propose that models should acquire not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Kejie Chen , Lin Wang , Qinghai Zhang , Renjun Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly benefited from training on diverse, high-quality task-specific data, leading to impressive performance across a range of downstream applications. Current methods often rely on human-annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Qintong Li , Jiahui Gao , Sheng Wang , Renjie Pi , Xueliang Zhao , Chuan Wu , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li , Lingpeng Kong

Massive language models are the core of modern NLP modeling and have been shown to encode impressive amounts of commonsense and factual information. However, that knowledge exists only within the latent parameters of the model, inaccessible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Pat Verga , Haitian Sun , Livio Baldini Soares , William W. Cohen

Due to limited supervised training data, large language models (LLMs) are typically pre-trained via a self-supervised "predict the next word" objective on a vast amount of unstructured text data. To make the resulting model useful to users,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Ajay Patel , Colin Raffel , Chris Callison-Burch

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable performance across various NLP tasks. However, they often generate incorrect or hallucinated information, which hinders their practical applicability in real-world scenarios. Human feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Wenhao Yu , Zhihan Zhang , Zhenwen Liang , Meng Jiang , Ashish Sabharwal

As large-scale pre-trained foundation models continue to expand in size and capability, efficiently adapting them to specific downstream tasks has become increasingly critical. Despite substantial progress, existing adaptation approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zesheng Ye , Chengyi Cai , Ruijiang Dong , Jianzhong Qi , Lei Feng , Pin-Yu Chen , Feng Liu

We introduce StorySim, a programmable framework for synthetically generating stories to evaluate the theory of mind (ToM) and world modeling (WM) capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Unlike prior benchmarks that may suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Nathaniel Getachew , Abulhair Saparov

Language model fine-tuning is essential for modern natural language processing, but is computationally expensive and time-consuming. Further, the effectiveness of fine-tuning is limited by the inclusion of training examples that negatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Richard Antonello , Nicole Beckage , Javier Turek , Alexander Huth

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Large language models (LLMs) often necessitate extensive labeled datasets and training compute to achieve impressive performance across downstream tasks. This paper explores a self-training paradigm, where the LLM autonomously curates its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Wei Jie Yeo , Teddy Ferdinan , Przemyslaw Kazienko , Ranjan Satapathy , Erik Cambria

Information design is typically studied through the lens of Bayesian signaling, where signals shape beliefs purely based on their correlation with the true state of the world. However, behavioral economics and psychology emphasize that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Paul Duetting , Safwan Hossain , Tao Lin , Renato Paes Leme , Sai Srivatsa Ravindranath , Haifeng Xu , Song Zuo

We explore a method for improving the performance of large language models through self-reflection and reinforcement learning. By incentivizing the model to generate better self-reflections when it answers incorrectly, we demonstrate that a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Shelly Bensal , Umar Jamil , Christopher Bryant , Melisa Russak , Kiran Kamble , Dmytro Mozolevskyi , Muayad Ali , Waseem AlShikh

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at single-image understanding, they exhibit significantly degraded performance in multi-image reasoning scenarios. Multi-image reasoning presents fundamental challenges including complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jianghao Yin , Qingbin Li , Kun Sun , Cheng Ding , Jie Wang , Qin Chen , Jie Zhou , Nan Wang , Changqing Li , Pei Wu , Jian Xu , Zheming Yang , Liang He

Self-supervised learning techniques are celebrating immense success in natural language processing (NLP) by enabling models to learn from broad language data at unprecedented scales. Here, we aim to leverage the success of these techniques…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-18 Armin W. Thomas , Christopher Ré , Russell A. Poldrack

Large language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various natural language processing tasks, especially in solving mathematical problems. However, large language models are not good at math theorem proving using formal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Huaiyuan Ying , Zijian Wu , Yihan Geng , Zheng Yuan , Dahua Lin , Kai Chen

Planning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs) because such complex tasks require models to coordinate goals, constraints, resources, and long-term consequences into executable and verifiable solutions. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ziliang Zhao , Zenan Xu , Shuting Wang , Hongjin Qian , Yan Lei , Minda Hu , Zhao Wang , Shihan Dou , Zhicheng Dou , Pluto Zhou

Current state-of-the-art neural dialogue models learn from human conversations following the data-driven paradigm. As such, a reliable training corpus is the crux of building a robust and well-behaved dialogue model. However, due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Hengyi Cai , Hongshen Chen , Yonghao Song , Cheng Zhang , Xiaofang Zhao , Dawei Yin
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