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Asymptotic fluctuation theorems are statements of a Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry in the rate function of either the time-averaged entropy production or heat dissipation of a process. Such theorems have been proved for various general classes…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-01-23 Benjamin Hertz Shargel , Tom Chou

The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of a relativistic ideal gas is calculated explicitly. This result is then extended to include particle and anti-particle pair production and annihilation. In both…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 B. Cleuren , K. Willaert , A. Engel , C. Van den Broeck

The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of an ideal gas between two compartments is calculated explicitly. The fluctuation theorem is verified. The analytic results are in good agreement with numerical data…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Cleuren , C. Van den Broeck , R. Kawai

The Fluctuation Theorem (FT) gives an analytic expression for the probability, in a nonequilibrium system of finite size observed for a finite time, that the dissipative flux will flow in the reverse direction to that required by the Second…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-09-10 Gary Ayton , Denis J. Evans , Debra J. Searles

We derive a simple closed analytical expression for the total entropy production along a single stochastic trajectory of a Brownian particle diffusing on a periodic potential under an external constant force. By numerical simulations we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 A. Gomez-Marin , I. Pagonabarraga

Celebrated fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) linking the response function to time dependent correlations of observables measured in the reference unperturbed state is one of the central results in equilibrium statistical mechanics. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-19 Yan V. Fyodorov , Ewa Gudowska-Nowak , Maciej A. Nowak , Wojciech Tarnowski

The Fluctuation Theorem (FT) is a generalisation of the Second Law of Thermodynamics that applies to small systems observed for short times. For thermostatted systems it gives the probability ratio that entropy will be consumed rather than…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 Owen Jepps , Denis J. Evans , Debra J. Searles

We derive an exact expression for entropy production during effusion of an ideal gas driven by momentum transfer in addition to energy and particle flux. Following the treatment in Phys. Rev. E Vol. 74, 021117 (2006), we construct a master…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kevin Wood , C. Van den Broeck , R. Kawai , Katja Lindenberg

Fluctuation theorems may be partitioned into those that apply the probability measure under the original stochastic process to reversed paths, and those that construct a new, adjoint measure by similarity transform, which locally reverses…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-13 Eric Smith , Supriya Krishnamurthy

We consider a system of two Brownian particles (say A and B), coupled to each other via harmonic potential of stiffness constant $k$. Particle-A is connected to two heat baths of constant temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, and particle-B is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-07-04 Deepak Gupta , Sanjib Sabhapandit

Fluctuation theorems have elevated the second law of thermodynamics to a statistical realm by establishing a connection between time-forward and time-reversal probabilities, providing invaluable insight into nonequilibrium dynamics. While…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Hui Li , Jie Xie , Hyukjoon Kwon , Yixin Zhao , M. S. Kim , Lijian Zhang

A famous consequence of the detailed fluctuation theorem (FT), $p(\Sigma)/p(-\Sigma)=\exp{(\Sigma)}$, is the integral FT $\langle \exp(-\Sigma)\rangle =1$ for a random variable $\Sigma$ and a distribution $p(\Sigma)$. When $\Sigma$…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-05 Domingos S. P. Salazar

Fluctuation theorems allow one to make generalised statements about the behaviour of thermodynamic quantities in systems that are driven far from thermal equilibrium. In this article we use Crooks' fluctuation theorem to understand the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-24 M. J. Kewming , S. Shrapnel

Heat, work and entropy production: the statistical distribution of such quantities are constrained by the fluctuation theorems (FT), which reveal crucial properties about the nature of non-equilibrium dynamics. In this paper we report…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-15 K. Khan , J. Sales Araújo , W. F. Magalhães , G. H. Aguilar , B. de Lima Bernardo

We present a general framework for deriving entropy production rates (EPRs) in active matter systems driven by non-Gaussian active fluctuations. Employing the probability-flow equivalence technique, we rigorously obtain an entropy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-12 Yuanfei Huang , Chengyu Liu , Bing Miao , Xiang Zhou

Recently, Kawaguchi and Nakayama (KN) [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 88}, 022147 (2013)] showed that the hidden entropy production associated with a coarse-graining procedure obeys the integral fluctuation theorem (IFT) if the original process does not…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-06-10 Yongjoo Baek , Meesoon Ha , Hawoong Jeong , Hyunggyu Park

The detailed fluctuation theorem (DFT) is a statement about the asymmetry in the statistics of the entropy production. Consequences of the DFT are the second law of thermodynamics and the thermodynamics uncertainty relation (TUR), which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-19 Domingos S. P. Salazar

We derive the fluctuation theorem for a stochastic and periodically driven system coupled to two reservoirs with the aid of a master equation. We write down the cumulant generating functions for both the current and entropy production in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-11-26 Kazutaka Takahashi , Yuki Hino , Keisuke Fujii , Hisao Hayakawa

We characterize statistical properties of the flow field in developed turbulence using concepts from stochastic thermodynamics. On the basis of data from a free air-jet experiment, we demonstrate how the dynamic fluctuations induced by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-23 D. Nickelsen , A. Engel

The second law of thermodynamics posits that in closed macroscopic systems the rate of entropy production must be positive. However, small systems can exhibit negative entropy production over short timescales, seemingly in contradiction…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2023-08-08 Rama Sharma , Tapio P. Simula , Andrew J. Groszek