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The XRISM/Resolve microcalorimeter directly measured the gas velocities in the core of the Virgo Cluster, the closest example of AGN feedback in a cluster. This proximity allows us to resolve the kinematic impact of feedback on scales down…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-09 XRISM Collaboration , M. Audard , H. Awaki , R. Ballhausen , A. Bamba , E. Behar , R. Boissay-Malaquin , L. Brenneman , G. V. Brown , L. Corrales , E. Costantini , R. Cumbee , M. Diaz Trigo , C. Done , T. Dotani , K. Ebisawa , M. E. Eckart , D. Eckert , S. Eguchi , T. Enoto , Y. Ezoe , A. Foster , R. Fujimoto , Y. Fujita , Y. Fukazawa , K. Fukushima , A. Furuzawa , L. Gallo , J. A. García , L. Gu , M. Guainazzi , K. Hagino , K. Hamaguchi , I. Hatsukade , K. Hayashi , T. Hayashi , N. Hell , E. Hodges-Kluck , A. Hornschemeier , Y. Ichinohe , D. Ishi , M. Ishida , K. Ishikawa , Y. Ishisaki , J. Kaastra , T. Kallman , E. Kara , S. Katsuda , Y. Kanemaru , R. Kelley , C. Kilbourne , S. Kitamoto , S. Kobayashi , T. Kohmura , A. Kubota , M. Leutenegger , M. Loewenstein , Y. Maeda , M. Markevitch , H. Matsumoto , K. Matsushita , D. McCammon , B. McNamara , F. Mernier , E. D. Miller , J. M. Miller , I. Mitsuishi , M. Mizumoto , T. Mizuno , K. Mori , K. Mukai , H. Murakami , R. Mushotzky , H. Nakajima , K. Nakazawa , J. -U. Ness , K. Nobukawa , M. Nobukawa , H. Noda , H. Odaka , S. Ogawa , A. Ogorzałek , T. Okajima , N. Ota , S. Paltani , R. Petre , P. Plucinsky , F. S. Porter , K. Pottschmidt , K. Sato , T. Sato , M. Sawada , H. Seta , M. Shidatsu , A. Simionescu , R. Smith , H. Suzuki , A. Szymkowiak , H. Takahashi , M. Takeo , T. Tamagawa , K. Tamura , T. Tanaka , A. Tanimoto , M. Tashiro , Y. Terada , Y. Terashima , Y. Tsuboi , M. Tsujimoto , H. Tsunemi , T. Tsuru , A. Tümer , H. Uchida , N. Uchida , Y. Uchida , H. Uchiyama , S. Ueda , Y. Ueda , S. Uno , J. Vink , S. Watanabe , B. J. Williams , S. Yamada , S. Yamada , H. Yamaguchi , K. Yamaoka , N. Yamasaki , M. Yamauchi , S. Yamauchi , T. Yaqoob , T. Yoneyama , T. Yoshida , M. Yukita , I. Zhuravleva , M. Charbonneau , N. Dizdar , M. Fujita , D. Ito , J. Martin , H. McCall , H. Russell , J. ZuHone

The velocity field of intracluster gas in galaxy clusters contains key information on the virialization of infalling material, the dissipation of AGN energy into the surrounding medium, and the validity of the hydrostatic hypothesis. The…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 D. Eckert , M. Markevitch , J. A. ZuHone , M. Regamey , I. Zhuravleva , Y. Ichinohe , N. Truong , N. Okabe , D. R. Wik

Several recent numerical simulations of off-center cluster mergers predict that significant angular momentum with associated velocities of a few x 10^{3} km/s can be imparted to the resulting cluster. Such gas bulk velocities can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Renato A. Dupke , Joel N. Bregman

Cooling flows, cluster mergers and motions of galaxies through the cluster gas with supersonic and sonic velocities must lead to large scale motions of the intracluster medium (ICM). A high-resolution numerical simulation of X-ray cluster…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Rashid A. Sunyaev , Michael L. Norman , Greg L. Bryan

We have performed a series of N-body/hydrodynamical (TreeSPH) simulations of clusters and groups of galaxies, selected from cosmological N-body simulations within a $\Lambda$CDM framework: these objects have been re-simulated at higher…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 A. D. Romeo , J. Sommer-Larsen , L. Portinari , V. Antonuccio-Delogu

The feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) plays a crucial role in regulating the thermodynamics and the dynamics of the intracluster medium (ICM). Studying the turbulent patterns of the hot and warm ionized phases may allow us to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-14 Stefano Sotira , Franco Vazza , Fabrizio Brighenti

The new era of high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy will significantly improve our understanding of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) by providing precise constraints on its underlying physical properties. However, spectral fitting requires…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-11 Dimitris Chatzigiannakis , Annalisa Pillepich , Aurora Simionescu , Nhut Truong , Dylan Nelson

We present a new approach for quantifying the abundance of galaxy clusters and constraining cosmological parameters using dynamical measurements. In the standard method, galaxy line-of-sight (LOS) velocities, $v$, or velocity dispersions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 M. Ntampaka , H. Trac , J. Cisewski , L. C. Price

We compare the velocity dispersion of the intracluster medium (ICM) of the Perseus cluster of galaxies as observed by the Hitomi X-ray telescope to our three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of jet-inflated bubbles in cluster cooling…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-25 Shlomi Hillel , Noam Soker

X-ray observations of galaxy clusters potentially provide powerful cosmological probes if systematics due to our incomplete knowledge of the intracluster medium (ICM) physics are understood and controlled. In this paper, we present mock…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Daisuke Nagai , Alexey Vikhlinin , Andrey V. Kravtsov

X-Ray observations of groups and clusters of galaxies show that the Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM) in their cores is hotter than expected from cosmological numerical simulations of cluster formation which include star formation, radiative…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. Zanni , G. Murante , G. Bodo , S. Massaglia , P. Rossi , A. Ferrari

We use a high resolution collisionless simulation of a Virgo--like cluster in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmology to determine the velocity and clustering properties of the diffuse stellar component in the intracluster region at the present epoch. The…

The dynamics of the intra-cluster medium (ICM), the hot plasma that fills galaxy clusters, are shaped by gravity-driven cluster mergers and feedback from supermassive black holes (SMBH) in the cluster cores. XRISM measurements of ICM…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-10-13 XRISM Collaboration , Marc Audard , Hisamitsu Awaki , Ralf Ballhausen , Aya Bamba , Ehud Behar , Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin , Laura Brenneman , Gregory V. Brown , Lia Corrales , Elisa Costantini , Renata Cumbee , Maria Diaz Trigo , Chris Done , Tadayasu Dotani , Ken Ebisawa , Megan E. Eckart , Dominique Eckert , Satoshi Eguchi , Teruaki Enoto , Yuichiro Ezoe , Adam Foster , Ryuichi Fujimoto , Yutaka Fujita , Yasushi Fukazawa , Kotaro Fukushima , Akihiro Furuzawa , Luigi Gallo , Javier A. García , Liyi Gu , Matteo Guainazzi , Kouichi Hagino , Kenji Hamaguchi , Isamu Hatsukade , Katsuhiro Hayashi , Takayuki Hayashi , Natalie Hell , Edmund Hodges-Kluck , Ann Hornschemeier , Yuto Ichinohe , Daiki Ishi , Manabu Ishida , Kumi Ishikawa , Yoshitaka Ishisaki , Jelle Kaastra , Timothy Kallman , Erin Kara , Satoru Katsuda , Yoshiaki Kanemaru , Richard Kelley , Caroline Kilbourne , Shunji Kitamoto , Shogo Kobayashi , Takayoshi Kohmura , Aya Kubota , Maurice Leutenegger , Michael Loewenstein , Yoshitomo Maeda , Maxim Markevitch , Hironori Matsumoto , Kyoko Matsushita , Dan McCammon , Brian McNamara , François Mernier , Eric D. Miller , Jon M. Miller , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Misaki Mizumoto , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Koji Mori , Koji Mukai , Hiroshi Murakami , Richard Mushotzky , Hiroshi Nakajima , Kazuhiro Nakazawa , Jan-Uwe Ness , Kumiko Nobukawa , Masayoshi Nobukawa , Hirofumi Noda , Hirokazu Odaka , Shoji Ogawa , Anna Ogorzałek , Takashi Okajima , Naomi Ota , Stephane Paltani , Robert Petre , Paul Plucinsky , Frederick S. Porter , Katja Pottschmidt , Kosuke Sato , Toshiki Sato , Makoto Sawada , Hiromi Seta , Megumi Shidatsu , Aurora Simionescu , Randall Smith , Hiromasa Suzuki , Andrew Szymkowiak , Hiromitsu Takahashi , Mai Takeo , Toru Tamagawa , Keisuke Tamura , Takaaki Tanaka , Atsushi Tanimoto , Makoto Tashiro , Yukikatsu Terada , Yuichi Terashima , Yohko Tsuboi , Masahiro Tsujimoto , Hiroshi Tsunemi , Takeshi Tsuru , Aysegül Tümer , Hiroyuki Uchida , Nagomi Uchida , Yuusuke Uchida , Hideki Uchiyama , Shutaro Ueda , Yoshihiro Ueda , Shinichiro Uno , Jacco Vink , Shin Watanabe , Brian J. Williams , Satoshi Yamada , Shinya Yamada , Hiroya Yamaguchi , Kazutaka Yamaoka , Noriko Yamasaki , Makoto Yamauchi , Shigeo Yamauchi , Tahir Yaqoob , Tomokage Yoneyama , Tessei Yoshida , Mihoko Yukita , Irina Zhuravleva , Weiguang Cui , Stefano Ettori , Skylar Grayson , Annie Heinrich , Hannah McCall , Dylan Nelson , Nobuhiro Okabe , Yuki Omiya , Arnab Sarkar , Evan Scannapieco , Ming Sun , Keita Tanaka , Nhut Truong , Daniel R. Wik , Congyao Zhang , John ZuHone

We conduct two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of jets expanding in the intra-cluster medium (ICM). We find that for a fat, i.e. more or less spherical, bubble attached to the center to be formed the jet should have high momentum…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Assaf Sternberg , Fabio Pizzolato , Noam Soker

(Abridged) We use the statistical tool known as the ``Spectral Correlation Function" [SCF] to intercompare simulations and observations of the atomic interstellar medium. The simulations considered mimic three distinct sets of physical…

The XRISM Resolve microcalorimeter array measured the velocities of hot intracluster gas at two positions in the Coma galaxy cluster: 3'x3' squares at the center and at 6' (170 kpc) to the south. We find the line-of-sight velocity…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-30 XRISM Collaboration , Marc Audard , Hisamitsu Awaki , Ralf Ballhausen , Aya Bamba , Ehud Behar , Rozenn Boissay-Malaquin , Laura Brenneman , Gregory V. Brown , Lia Corrales , Elisa Costantini , Renata Cumbee , Maria Diaz Trigo , Chris Done , Tadayasu Dotani , Ken Ebisawa , Megan E. Eckart , Dominique Eckert , Satoshi Eguchi , Teruaki Enoto , Yuichiro Ezoe , Adam Foster , Ryuichi Fujimoto , Yutaka Fujita , Yasushi Fukazawa , Kotaro Fukushima , Akihiro Furuzawa , Luigi Gallo , Javier A. Garcia , Liyi Gu , Matteo Guainazzi , Kouichi Hagino , Kenji Hamaguchi , Isamu Hatsukade , Katsuhiro Hayashi , Takayuki Hayashi , Natalie Hell , Edmund Hodges-Kluck , Ann Hornschemeier , Yuto Ichinohe , Daiki Ishi , Manabu Ishida , Kumi Ishikawa , Yoshitaka Ishisaki , Jelle Kaastra , Timothy Kallman , Erin Kara , Satoru Katsuda , Yoshiaki Kanemaru , Richard Kelley , Caroline Kilbourne , Shunji Kitamoto , Shogo Kobayashi , Takayoshi Kohmura , Aya Kubota , Maurice Leutenegger , Michael Loewenstein , Yoshitomo Maeda , Maxim Markevitch , Hironori Matsumoto , Kyoko Matsushita , Dan McCammon , Brian McNamara , Francois Mernier , Eric D. Miller , Jon M. Miller , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Misaki Mizumoto , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Koji Mori , Koji Mukai , Hiroshi Murakami , Richard Mushotzky , Hiroshi Nakajima , Kazuhiro Nakazawa , Jan-Uwe Ness , Kumiko Nobukawa , Masayoshi Nobukawa , Hirofumi Noda , Hirokazu Odaka , Shoji Ogawa , Anna Ogorzalek , Takashi Okajima , Naomi Ota , Stephane Paltani , Robert Petre , Paul Plucinsky , Frederick S. Porter , Katja Pottschmidt , Kosuke Sato , Toshiki Sato , Makoto Sawada , Hiromi Seta , Megumi Shidatsu , Aurora Simionescu , Randall Smith , Hiromasa Suzuki , Andrew Szymkowiak , Hiromitsu Takahashi , Mai Takeo , Toru Tamagawa , Keisuke Tamura , Takaaki Tanaka , Atsushi Tanimoto , Makoto Tashiro , Yukikatsu Terada , Yuichi Terashima , Yohko Tsuboi , Masahiro Tsujimoto , Hiroshi Tsunemi , Takeshi Tsuru , Aysegul Tumer , Hiroyuki Uchida , Nagomi Uchida , Yuusuke Uchida , Hideki Uchiyama , Shutaro Ueda , Yoshihiro Ueda , Shinichiro Uno , Jacco Vink , Shin Watanabe , Brian J. Williams , Satoshi Yamada , Shinya Yamada , Hiroya Yamaguchi , Kazutaka Yamaoka , Noriko Yamasaki , Makoto Yamauchi , Shigeo Yamauchi , Tahir Yaqoob , Tomokage Yoneyama , Tessei Yoshida , Mihoko Yukita , Irina Zhuravleva , Andrew Fabian , Dylan Nelson , Nobuhiro Okabe , Annalisa Pillepich , Cicely Potter , Manon Regamey , Kosei Sakai , Mona Shishido , Nhut Truong , Daniel R. Wik , John ZuHone

The bulk flow velocity for the cluster of interstellar cloudlets within about 30 pc of the Sun is determined from optical and ultraviolet absorption line data, after omitting from the sample stars with circumstellar disks or variable…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. C. Frisch , L. Grodnicki , D. E. Welty

The distribution of metals and temperature in the intracluster medium (ICM) provides key insights into galaxy cluster evolution, revealing information about chemical enrichment and heating and cooling processes, respectively. To access this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-01 Yiwei Zhang , Xun Shi , Daisuke Nagai

High-resolution spectroscopy in soft X-rays will open a new window to map multiphase gas in galaxy clusters and probe physics of the intracluster medium (ICM), including chemical enrichment histories, circulation of matter and energy during…

Sloshing cold fronts (CFs) arise from minor merger triggered gas sloshing. Their detailed structure depends on the properties of the intra-cluster medium (ICM): hydrodynamical simulations predict the CFs to be distorted by Kelvin-Helmholtz…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 E. Roediger , R. P. Kraft , W. R. Forman , P. E. J. Nulsen , E. Churazov