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Interferometry techniques are essential for extracting phase information from optical systems, enabling precise measurements of dispersion and highly sensitive detection of perturbations. While phase sensing offers enhanced sensitivity…
Optical transition radiation interferometry (OTRI) has been shown to be a very useful technique to measure the divergence of electron beams with energies in the range of 15-100 MeV. However, application of this method to low energy or very…
We have developed a rectangular loop interferometer (RLI) that confines light in a rectangular path and facilitates various interesting applications. Such a device can yield the sum of numerous geometric series converging to different…
Vector vortex beams have played a fundamental role in the better understanding of coherence and polarization. They are described by spatially inhomogeneous polarization states, which present a rich optical mode structure that has attracted…
Optical diffraction tomography is an indispensable tool for studying objects in three-dimensions due to its ability to accurately reconstruct scattering objects. Until now this technique has been limited to coherent light because spatial…
We present numerical simulations of phase imprinting experiments in ultracold trapped Fermi gases which are in good agreement with recent, independent experimental results. Our focus is on the sequence and evolution of defects using the…
In optical detection of ultrasound, resonators with high Q-factors are often used to maximize sensitivity. However, in order to perform parallel interrogation, conventional interferometric techniques require an overlap between the resonator…
A fundamental limit to the sensitivity of optical interferometry is thermal noise that drives fluctuations in the positions of the surfaces of the interferometer's mirrors, and thereby in the phase of the intracavity field. Schemes for…
In order to efficiently image a non-absorbing sample (a phase object), dedicated phase contrast optics are required. Typically, these optics are designed with the assumption that the sample is weakly scattering, implying a linear relation…
Complex vector modes of light, non-separable in their spatial and polarisation degrees of freedom, are revolutionising a wide variety of research fields. It is therefore not surprising that the generation techniques have evolved quite…
A novel method is proposed to measure the refractive indices (RIs) of the materials of different transparent solid state media. To exploit the advantage of non-contact measurement laser beam interferometry is used as an effective technique…
Vector vortex beams, featuring independent spatial modes in orthogonal polarization components, offer an increase in information density for emerging applications in both classical and quantum communication technology. Recent advances in…
In an atomic interferometer, the phase shift due to rotation is proportional to the area enclosed by the split components of the atom. However, this model is unclear for an atomic interferometer demonstrated recently by Shahriar et al., for…
Integrated optics are used to achieve astronomical interferometry inside robust and compact materials, improving the instrument's stability and sensitivity. In order to perform differential phase measurements at the H$\alpha$ line (656.3…
In order for telescopes to obtain good and precise images they need to see through atmospheric turbulence. To accomplish this and compensate for atmospheric turbulence we use Adaptive Optics technologies. In this thesis we analyze the…
High contrast imaging (HCI) is fundamentally limited by wavefront aberrations, and the ability to perform wavefront sensing from focal plane images is key to reach the full potential of ground and space-based instruments. Vortex focal plane…
Improving the phase resolution of interferometry is crucial for high-precision measurements of various physical quantities. Systematic phase errors dominate the phase uncertainties in most realistic optical interferometers. Here we propose…
We present a fiber-diffraction interferometer using a coherent fiber optic taper for optical testing in an uncontrolled environment. We use a coherent fiber optic taper and a single-mode fiber having thermally-expanded core. Part of the…
Kernel phase interferometry (KPI) is a post-processing technique that treats a conventional telescope as an interferometer by accurately modeling a telescope pupil as an array of virtual subapertures. KPI provides angular resolution within…
One of the aims of next generation optical interferometric instrumentation is to be able to make use of information contained in the visibility phase to construct high dynamic range images. Radio and optical interferometry are at the two…