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The adoption of deep learning-based healthcare decision support systems such as the detection of irregular cardiac rhythm is hindered by challenges such as lack of access to quality data and the high costs associated with the collection and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Sagnik Dakshit , Barbara Mukami Maweu , Sristi Dakshit , Balakrishnan Prabhakaran

Cardiovascular disease remains a significant problem in modern society. Among non-invasive techniques, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most reliable methods for detecting abnormalities in cardiac activities. However, ECG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-22 Huy Pham , Konstantin Egorov , Alexey Kazakov , Semen Budennyy

In medical imaging, access to data is commonly limited due to patient privacy restrictions and the issue that it can be difficult to acquire enough data in the case of rare diseases.[1] The purpose of this investigation was to develop a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 John R. McNulty , Lee Kho , Alexandria L. Case , Charlie Fornaca , Drew Johnston , David Slater , Joshua M. Abzug , Sybil A. Russell

Deep learning image processing models have had remarkable success in recent years in generating high quality images. Particularly, the Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM) have shown superiority in image quality to the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Edmond Adib , Amanda Fernandez , Fatemeh Afghah , John Jeff Prevost

Echocardiography (ECHO) is essential for cardiac assessments, but its video quality and interpretation heavily relies on manual expertise, leading to inconsistent results from clinical and portable devices. ECHO video generation offers a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-15 Yiwei Li , Sekeun Kim , Zihao Wu , Hanqi Jiang , Yi Pan , Pengfei Jin , Sifan Song , Yucheng Shi , Tianming Liu , Quanzheng Li , Xiang Li

Machine vision models, particularly deep neural networks, are increasingly applied to physiological signal interpretation, including electrocardiography (ECG), yet they typically require large training datasets and offer limited insight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Alaa Alahmadi , Mohamed Hasan

Cardiovascular disease is a major threat to health and one of the primary causes of death globally. The 12-lead ECG is a cheap and commonly accessible tool to identify cardiac abnormalities. Early and accurate diagnosis will allow early…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-13 Zhaowei Zhu , Xiang Lan , Tingting Zhao , Yangming Guo , Pipin Kojodjojo , Zhuoyang Xu , Zhuo Liu , Siqi Liu , Han Wang , Xingzhi Sun , Mengling Feng

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing cardiac conditions. Existing automatic interpretation methods suffer from limited generalizability, focusing on a narrow range of cardiac conditions, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Ruoqi Liu , Yuelin Bai , Xiang Yue , Ping Zhang

Traditional authentication systems use alphanumeric or graphical passwords, or token-based techniques that require "something you know and something you have". The disadvantages of these systems include the risks of forgetfulness, loss, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Ebrahim Al Alkeem , Song-Kyoo Kim , Chan Yeob Yeun , M. Jamal Zemerly , Kin Poon , Paul D. Yoo

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-13 Giulio Tosato , Cesare M. Dalbagno , Francesco Fumagalli

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used, non-invasive method for capturing brain activity, and is particularly relevant for applications in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). However, collecting high-quality EEG data remains a major…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Henrique de Lima Alexandre , Clodoaldo Aparecido de Moraes Lima

Electrocardiogram (ECG) detection and delineation are key steps for numerous tasks in clinical practice, as ECG is the most performed non-invasive test for assessing cardiac condition. State-of-the-art algorithms employ digital signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Guillermo Jimenez-Perez , Alejandro Alcaine , Oscar Camara

By generating synthetic biosignals, the quantity and variety of health data can be increased. This is especially useful when training machine learning models by enabling data augmentation and introduction of more physiologically plausible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Katri Karhinoja , Antti Vasankari , Jukka-Pekka Sirkiä , Antti Airola , David Wong , Matti Kaisti

High-quality synthetic data can support the development of effective predictive models for biomedical tasks, especially in rare diseases or when subject to compelling privacy constraints. These limitations, for instance, negatively impact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Lorenzo Simone , Davide Bacciu

Cardiac digital twins (CDTs) are personalized virtual representations used to understand complex cardiac mechanisms. A critical component of CDT development is solving the ECG inverse problem, which enables the reconstruction of cardiac…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Lei Li , Julia Camps , Blanca Rodriguez , Vicente Grau

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a reliable tool for medical professionals to detect and diagnose abnormal heart waves that may cause cardiovascular diseases. This paper proposes a methodology to create a new high-quality heartbeat dataset from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Ahmed. S Benmessaoud , Farida Medjani , Yahia Bousseloub , Khalid Bouaita , Dhia Benrahem , Tahar Kezai

Deep learning models need a sufficient amount of data in order to be able to find the hidden patterns in it. It is the purpose of generative modeling to learn the data distribution, thus allowing us to sample more data and augment the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 José Fernando Núñez , Jamie Arjona , Javier Béjar

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the primary non-invasive diagnostic tool for monitoring cardiac conditions and is crucial in assisting clinicians. Recent studies have concentrated on classifying cardiac conditions using ECG data but have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zhongwei Wan , Che Liu , Xin Wang , Chaofan Tao , Hui Shen , Jing Xiong , Rossella Arcucci , Huaxiu Yao , Mi Zhang

Cardiac digital twins (CDTs) of human cardiac electrophysiology (EP) are digital replicas of patient hearts that match like-for-like clinical observations. The electrocardiogram (ECG), as the most prevalent non-invasive observation of…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Elena Zappon , Matthias A. F. Gsell , Karli Gillette , Gernot Plank

Nowadays, an increasing number of people are being diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of death globally. The gold standard for identifying these heart problems is via electrocardiogram (ECG). The standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Khiem H. Le , Hieu H. Pham , Thao B. T. Nguyen , Tu A. Nguyen , Cuong D. Do