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In this paper, we introduce the notion of the weak majority dimension of a digraph which is well-defined for any digraph. We first study properties shared by the weak dimension of a digraph and show that a weak majority dimension of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Soogang Eoh , Suh-Ryung Kim

The Laplacian matrix and its pseudo-inverse for a strongly connected directed graph is fundamental in computing many properties of a directed graph. Examples include random-walk centrality and betweenness measures, average hitting and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Daniel Boley

An Hadamard matrix is a square matrix $H\in M_N(\pm1)$ whose rows and pairwise orthogonal. More generally, we can talk about the complex Hadamard matrices, which are the square matrices $H\in M_N(\mathbb C)$ whose entries are on the unit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Teo Banica

To any complex Hadamard matrix we associate a quantum permutation group. The correspondence is not one-to-one, but the quantum group encapsulates a number of subtle properties of the matrix. We investigate various aspects of the…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Teodor Banica , Remus Nicoara

A finite discrete graph is turned into a quantum (metric) graph once a finite length is assigned to each edge and the one-dimensional Laplacian is taken to be the operator. We study the dependence of the spectral gap (the first positive…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Ram Band , Guillaume Lévy

Hadamard states were originally introduced for quantised Klein-Gordon fields and occupy a central position in the theory of quantum fields on curved spacetimes. Subsequently they have been developed for other linear theories, such as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Christopher J. Fewster

This is a presentation of recent work on quantum permutation groups, complex Hadamard matrices, and the connections between them. A long list of problems is included. We include as well some conjectural statements, about matrix models.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Teodor Banica

We consider coupled waveguide lattices as an architecture that implement a wide range of multiport transformations. In this architecture, a particular transfer matrix is obtained through setting the step-wise profiles of the propagation…

Optics · Physics 2021-08-11 N. N. Skryabin , I. V. Dyakonov , M. Yu. Saygin , S. P. Kulik

We consider the normalized Laplace operator for directed graphs with positive and negative edge weights. This generalization of the normalized Laplace operator for undirected graphs is used to characterize directed acyclic graphs. Moreover,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-01 Frank Bauer

Since the turn of the century, metamaterials have gained a large amount of attention due to their potential for possessing highly nontrivial and exotic properties such as cloaking or perfect lensing. There has been a great push to create…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-06-12 Tristan Lawrie , Gregor Tanner , Dimitrios Chronopoulos

Matrix representations of quantum operators are computationally complete but often obscure the structural topology of information flow within a quantum circuit \cite{nielsen2000}. In this paper, we introduce a generalized graph-theoretic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Wesley Lewis , Darsh Pareek , Umesh Kumar , Ravi Janjam

In this paper, we develop a novel weighted Laplacian method, which is partially inspired by the theory of graph Laplacian, to study recent popular graph problems, such as multilevel graph partitioning and balanced minimum cut problem, in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Shijie Xu , Jiayan Fang , Xiang-Yang Li

We introduce the quantum fractional Hadamard transform with continuous variables. It is found that the corresponding quantum fractional Hadamard operator can be decomposed into a single-mode fractional operator and two single-mode squeezing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-05 Li-yun Hu , Xue-xiang Xu , Shan-jun Ma

In [7] the authors have introduced a new construction using the Hadamard product to present star configurations of codimension $ c $ of $\mathbb{P}^n$ and which they called Hadamard star configurations. In this paper, we introduce a more…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Iman Bahmani Jafarloo , Gabriele Calussi

We develop the theory of torsional rigidity -- a quantity routinely considered for Dirichlet Laplacians on bounded planar domains -- for Laplacians on metric graphs with at least one Dirichlet vertex. Using a variational characterization…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-11 Delio Mugnolo , Marvin Plümer

We introduce a scheme for perfect state transfer in regular two and three dimensional structures. The interactions on the lattices are of XX spin type with uniform couplings. In two dimensions the structure is a hexagonal lattice and in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Vahid Karimipour , Mahdi Sarmadi Rad , Marzieh Asoudeh

Quantum graphs have recently been introduced as model systems to study the spectral statistics of linear wave problems with chaotic classical limits. It is proposed here to generalise this approach by considering arbitrary, directed graphs…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 Gregor Tanner

For a given graph $G$, we aim to determine the possible realizable spectra for a generalized (or sometimes referred to as a weighted) Laplacian matrix associated with $G$. This new specialized inverse eigenvalue problem is considered for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-03 Shaun Fallat , Himanshu Gupta , Jephian C. -H. Lin

We consider three different communication tasks for quantum broadcast channels, and we determine the capacity region of a Hadamard broadcast channel for these various tasks. We define a Hadamard broadcast channel to be such that the channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-05 Qingle Wang , Siddhartha Das , Mark M. Wilde

We consider a graph called a lattice diagram, which is a graph in the $xy$-plane such that each edge is parallel to the $x$-axis or the $y$-axis. In [4], we investigated transformations of certain lattice diagrams, and we considered the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Inasa Nakamura