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This paper presents a study of an integrated satellite-terrestrial network, where Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellites are used to provide the backhaul link between base stations (BSs) and the core network. The mobility of LEO satellites raises…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Hung Nguyen-Kha , Vu Nguyen Ha , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Joel Grotz

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks are increasingly adopting laser (Free Space Optics, FSO) links to provide high-capacity communications. Although laser inter-satellite links offer high throughput and low latency, RF up- and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Cao-Vien Phung , Thomas Röthig , Admela Jukan

Future integrated terrestrial, aerial, and space networks will involve thousands of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites forming a network of mega-constellations, which will play a significant role in providing communication and Internet…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Guillaume Lamontagne , Michel Bellemare

Cooperative satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks (CSATNs), where unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are utilized as nomadic aerial relays (A), are highly valuable for many important applications, such as post-disaster urban reconstruction. In…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Wen-Yu Dong , Shaoshi Yang , Ping Zhang , Sheng Chen

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) provide alternative routes for reflected signals to network users, offering numerous applications. This paper explores an innovative approach of strategically deploying RISs along road areas to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-12 Chang-Sik Choi , Junhyeong Kim , Junil Choi

This work presents a high-resolution, ray-tracing-based channel modeling for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite-to-ground links in a suburban environment at X-band. Using simulations conducted in Wireless InSite, we develop a parametric…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Wahab Khawaja , Ismail Guvenc , Rune Hylsberg Jacobsen

LoRa networks are pivotally enabling Long Range connectivity to low-cost and power-constrained user equipments (UEs) in a wide area, whereas a critical issue is to effectively allocate wireless resources to support potentially massive UEs…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Jiangbin Lyu , Dan Yu , Liqun Fu

In this paper, we review well-known handovers algorithms in satellite environment. The modern research trends and contributions are proposed and summarized in order to overcome their considering problems in satellite-air-ground integrated…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Soohyun Park , Joongheon Kim

This document surveys recent and current developments in LEO satellite networking. It presents a brief overview of satellite networking in order to contextualize the issue. It then focuses on current research work in emerging domains, such…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Cedric Westphal , Lin Han , Richard Li

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks will become an integral part of the global telecommunication infrastructure. Modeling the radio-links of these networks and their interaction with existing terrestrial systems is crucial for the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-05 Stephan Jaeckel , Leszek Raschkowski , Lars Thiele

The regenerative capabilities of next-generation satellite systems offer a novel approach to design low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems, enabling full flexibility in bandwidth and spot beam management, power control, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Sovit Bhandari , Thang X. Vu , Symeon Chatzinotas

As air travel demand increases, uninterrupted high-speed internet access becomes essential. However, current satellite-based systems face latency and connectivity challenges. While prior research has focused on terrestrial 5G and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Raúl Parada , Victor Monzon Baeza , Carlos Horcajo Fernández de Gamboa , Rocío Serrano Camacho , Carlos Monzo

One of the most promising technologies for next-generation wireless networks is integrated communication and sensing (ISAC). It is considered a key enabler for applications that require both enhanced communication and accurate sensing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-14 Harris K. Armeniakos , Petros S. Bithas , Sotiris A. Tegos , Athanasios G. Kanatas , George K. Karagiannidis

We investigate a multi-low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite system that simultaneously provides positioning and communication services to terrestrial user terminals. To address the challenges of accurately acquiring channel state information in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Yuchen Zhang , Pinjun Zheng , Jie Ma , Henk Wymeersch , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

This paper presents an analysis and experimental demonstration of single-satellite single-pass geolocation of a terrestrial broadcast Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofer from Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The proliferation of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Zachary L. Clements , Patrick B. Ellis , Iain Goodridge , Matthew J. Murrian , Mark L. Psiaki , Todd E. Humphreys

Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems have been deemed a promising key enabler for current 5G and the forthcoming 6G wireless networks. Such LEO satellite constellations can provide worldwide three-dimensional coverage, high data rate,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mesut Toka , Byungju Lee , Jaehyup Seong , Aryan Kaushik , Juhwan Lee , Jungwoo Lee , Namyoon Lee , Wonjae Shin , H. Vincent Poor

This paper provides an analytical framework to characterize the performance of Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets), where the positions of base stations and users are modeled by spatial Poisson Point Processes (stochastic geometry). We have…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-12-15 Giovanni Giambene , Van Anh Le

Emerging Low Earth Orbit (LEO) broadband constellations hold significant potential to provide advanced Internet services due to inherent geometric features of the grid topology. However, high dynamics, unstable topology changes, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Menglan Hu , Chenxin Wang , Bin Cao , Benkuan Zhou , Yan Dong , Kai Peng

Space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) help enhance the service performance in the sixth generation communication system. SAGIN is basically composed of satellites, aerial vehicles, ground facilities, as well as multiple terrestrial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ziye Jia , Chao Dong , Kun Guo , Qihui Wu

The extension of wide area wireless connectivity to low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems demands a fresh look at the effects of in-orbit base stations, sky-to-ground propagation, and cell planning. A multi-beam LEO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Jeffrey G. Andrews