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The modern age has seen an exponential growth of social network data available on the web. Analysis of these networks reveal important structural information about these networks in particular and about our societies in general. More often…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Aneeq Hashmi , Faraz Zaidi , Arnaud Sallaberry , Tariq Mehmood

Understanding the operation of biological and artificial networks remains a difficult and important challenge. To identify general principles, researchers are increasingly interested in surveying large collections of networks that are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-14 Alex H. Williams , Erin Kunz , Simon Kornblith , Scott W. Linderman

We survey the definition and some elementary properties of real trees. There are no new results, as far as we know. One purpose is to give a number of different definitions and show the equivalence between them. We discuss also, for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-15 Svante Janson

In this article, we propose tree edit distance with variables, which is an extension of the tree edit distance to handle trees with variables and has a potential application to measuring the similarity between mathematical formulas,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Tatsuya Akutsu , Tomoya Mori , Naotoshi Nakamura , Satoshi Kozawa , Yuhei Ueno , Thomas N. Sato

We study higher-dimensional analogues of graph-theoretic trees within the class of pure n-simplicial complexes. Focusing on the case m = n-1 in Dewdney's (m, n)-tree framework, we introduce refined notions of path and circuit sequences that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Gaurav Kottari , Niteesh Sahni , Qazi J. Azhad

This paper suggests a statistical framework for describing the relations between the physical and conceptual entities of a brain-like model. Features and concept instances are put into context, where the paper suggests that features may be…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Kieran Greer

While a lot of analysis has been carried to demonstrate linguistic knowledge captured by the representations learned within deep NLP models, very little attention has been paid towards individual neurons.We carry outa neuron-level analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Nadir Durrani , Hassan Sajjad , Fahim Dalvi , Yonatan Belinkov

Graph theory is now becoming a standard tool in system-level neuroscience. However, endowing observed brain anatomy and dynamics with a complex network structure does not entail that the brain actually works as a network. Asking whether the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-24 D. Papo , J. M. Buldú

The early development of a zygote can be mathematically described by a developmental tree. To compare developmental trees of different species, we need to define distances on trees. If children cells after a division are not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-08 Yue Wang

The network characteristics based on the phonological similarities in the lexicons of several languages were examined. These languages differed widely in their history and linguistic structure, but commonalities in the network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-13 Samuel Arbesman , Steven H. Strogatz , Michael S. Vitevitch

Structural connectivity in the brain is typically studied by reducing its observation to a single spatial resolution. However, the brain possesses a rich architecture organized over multiple scales linked to one another. We explored the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-07 Muhua Zheng , Antoine Allard , Patric Hagmann , Yasser Alemán-Gómez , M. Ángeles Serrano

In this paper, we present a novel method for analysis and segmentation of laminar structure of the cortex based on tissue characteristics whose change across the gray matter underlies distinctive between cortical layers. We develop and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Andrija Štajduhar , Tomislav Lipić , Goran Sedmak , Sven Lončarić , Miloš Judaš

Since Darwin, species trees have been used as a simplified description of the relationships which summarize the complicated network $N$ of reality. Recent evidence of hybridization and lateral gene transfer, however, suggest that there are…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-17 Stephen J. Willson

Binary trees are fundamental objects in models of evolutionary biology and population genetics. Here, we discuss some of their combinatorial and structural properties as they depend on the tree class considered. Furthermore, the process by…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-30 Thomas Wiehe

With the completion of human genome mapping, the focus of scientists seeking to explain the biological complexity of living systems is shifting from analyzing the individual components (such as a particular gene or biochemical reaction) to…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2010-01-28 Sitabhra Sinha , T Jesan , Nivedita Chatterjee

Intrinsic brain activity is characterized by highly structured co-activations between different regions, whose origin is still under debate. In this paper, we address the question whether it is possible to unveil how the underlying…

Joint distributions over many variables are frequently modeled by decomposing them into products of simpler, lower-dimensional conditional distributions, such as in sparsely connected Bayesian networks. However, automatically learning such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-07 Scott Davies , Andrew Moore

Neighborhood algorithms may take a considerable percentage of computer time in discrete element methods (DEM). While the sort-and-sweep algorithm is ideal in some ways, as it only deal with particles whose relative positions change in one…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Dominik Krengel , Yuki Watanabe , Ko Kandori , Jian Chen , Hans-Georg Matuttis

Neural networks have succeeded in many reasoning tasks. Empirically, these tasks require specialized network structures, e.g., Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) perform well on many such tasks, but less structured networks fail. Theoretically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Keyulu Xu , Jingling Li , Mozhi Zhang , Simon S. Du , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Stefanie Jegelka

Understanding the complexity of biological neural networks like the human brain is one of the scientific challenges of our century. The organization of the brain can be described at different levels, ranging from small neural networks to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-05-23 Stefano De Blasi