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We present an extension of the canonical coupled mode theory of electromagnetic waves to the case of pulses and spatio-temporal perturbations in complex media. Unlike previous attempts to derive such a model, our approach involves no…

Optics · Physics 2016-05-04 Y. Sivan , S. Rozenberg , A. Halstuch

Space-time modulation adds another powerful degree of freedom to the manipulation of classical wave systems. It opens the door for complex control of wave behavior beyond the reach of stationary systems, such as nonreciprocal wave transport…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-11-06 Junfei Li , Xiaohui Zhu , Chen Shen , Xiuyuan Peng , Steven A. Cummer

Photonic time interfaces, as the temporal analogue of spatial interfaces between two media, consist of a rapid change of the electromagnetic properties of a material (such as permittivity {\epsilon}, and permeability {\mu}) while the wave…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-22 Victor Pacheco-Peña , Nader Engheta

Spatio-temporally modulated impedance surfaces can be good candidates for generation of radiating waves with arbitrary eigenstates by breaking momentum and energy conservations. Here, we present a theoretical framework based on the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Amrollah Amini , Homayoon Oraizi

Transmission through photoexcited semiconductors is used to temporally and spectrally shape a Terahertz pulse. By adjusting the optical pump-THz probe delay, we experimentally introduce a polar asymmetry in the pulse profile as high as 92%.…

The multiple scattering of coherent light is a problem of both fundamental and applied importance. In optics, phase conjugation allows spatial focussing and imaging through a multiply scattering medium; however, temporal control is…

In this paper, the unidirectional pulse propagation equation generalized to structured media is derived. A fast modal transform linking the spatio-temporal representation of the field and its modal distribution is presented. This transform…

Optics · Physics 2019-03-27 P. Béjot

Shaping electron beams with the cycles of light provides femtosecond and attosecond time resolution in electron microscopy and enables fundamental quantum-coherent measurements. However, efficient light-electron control requires a prolonged…

We theoretically demonstrate the possibility to tune the temporal waveform of optical unipolar pulses upon their coherent interaction with a multi-level resonant medium. This is achieved through the coherent control of the response of a…

This paper presents a temporal paraxial formulation for the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in time-modulated media with slowly varying refractive index. By deriving the paraxial wave equation directly in the time domain from the…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-29 Antonio Alex-Amor , Carlos Molero

Control of the spatial and temporal properties of light propagating in disordered media have been demonstrated over the last decade using spatial light modulators. Most of the previous studies demonstrated spatial focusing to the speckle…

Optics · Physics 2019-11-12 Mickael Mounaix , Joel Carpenter

Photonic time crystals are electromagnetic media with periodically time-varying parameters, enabling momentum band gaps, parametric amplification, and frequency conversion beyond what is possible in time-invariant systems. So far, they have…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-15 Z. Li , M. S. Mirmoosa , V. Asadchy , X. Wang

When an optical pulse is spatially localized in a highly multimoded waveguide, its energy is typically distributed among a multiplicity of modes, thus giving rise to a speckled transverse spatial profile that undergoes erratic changes with…

Spatiotemporally modulated elastic metamaterials have garnered increasing interest for their potential applications in nonreciprocal wave devices. Most existing studies, however, focus on systems where spatiotemporal modulation is…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Yingrui Ye , Chunxia Liu , Alessandro Marzani , Emanuele Riva , Antonio Palermo , Xiaopeng Wang

Spatiotemporal optical computing devices which could perform mathematical operations in both spatial and temporal domains can provide unprecedented measures to build efficient and real-time information processing systems. It is particularly…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Yi Zhou , Junjie Zhan , Ziyang Xu , Yifan Shao , Yubo Wang , Yongdi Dang , Sen Zhang , Yungui Ma

We present an optical method to measure radio-frequency electro-optic phase modulation profiles by employing spectrum-to-time mapping realized by highly chirped optical pulses. We directly characterize temporal phase modulation profiles of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-11-23 Michał Jachura , Jan Szczepanek , Wojciech Wasilewski , Michal Karpinski

The time-frequency degree of freedom is a powerful resource for implementing high-dimensional quantum information processing. In particular, field-orthogonal pulsed temporal modes offer a flexible framework compatible with both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-29 Vahid Ansari , John M. Donohue , Benjamin Brecht , Christine Silberhorn

Multimode fibers are widely explored for optical communication, imaging and sensing applications. The interference of fiber guided modes generates a speckle pattern, which has been used for high-precision spectroscopy, temperature, and…

Optics · Physics 2020-04-16 Wen Xiong , Shai Gertler , Hasan Yilmaz , Hui Cao

Broadband temporal modes of pulsed optical fields have been recently recognized as very promising for photonic quantum information processing and time-frequency metrology. Exploiting their full potential demands efficient and flexible tools…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-08 B Dioum , S Srivastava , M Karpiński , G Patera

The transfer matrix method remains a simple yet powerful tool for modeling acoustic systems, particularly in a closed waveguide geometry. Here we present a generalisation of this method based on the theory of mode matching, that…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 D. Cidlinsky , G. J. Chaplain , S. A. R. Horsley