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Tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs) with task-specific prompts has been a promising approach for text classification. Particularly, previous studies suggest that prompt-tuning has remarkable superiority in the low-data scenario over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Shengding Hu , Ning Ding , Huadong Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Jingang Wang , Juanzi Li , Wei Wu , Maosong Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) classification performance depends critically on evaluation protocol and ground truth quality. Studies comparing MLLMs with supervised and vision-language models report conflicting conclusions, and we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nikita Kisel , Illia Volkov , Klara Janouskova , Jiri Matas

Recent research looks to harness the general knowledge and reasoning of large language models (LLMs) into agents that accomplish user-specified goals in interactive environments. Vision-language models (VLMs) extend LLMs to multi-modal data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jake Grigsby , Yuke Zhu , Michael Ryoo , Juan Carlos Niebles

Low-rank approximation techniques have become the de facto standard for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) due to their reduced computational and memory requirements. This paper investigates the effectiveness of these methods in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Saswat Das , Marco Romanelli , Cuong Tran , Zarreen Reza , Bhavya Kailkhura , Ferdinando Fioretto

Recent advances in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have unveiled great potential as visual assistants. However, most existing works focus on responding to individual instructions or using previous dialogues for contextual understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Bo Li , Yuanhan Zhang , Liangyu Chen , Jinghao Wang , Fanyi Pu , Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Jingkang Yang , Ziwei Liu

A Large Language Model (LLM) tends to generate inconsistent and sometimes contradictory outputs when presented with a prompt that has equivalent semantics but is expressed differently from the original prompt. To achieve semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jingyuan Yang , Dapeng Chen , Yajing Sun , Rongjun Li , Zhiyong Feng , Wei Peng

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel on benchmark vision-language tasks, yet little is known about how input visual quality shapes their responses. Does higher perceptual quality of images already translate to better MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shuo Xing , Lanqing Guo , Hongyuan Hua , Seoyoung Lee , Peiran Li , Yufei Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Zhengzhong Tu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, but their substantial size often demands significant computational resources. To reduce resource consumption and accelerate inference, it is essential to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yiran Zhao , Shengyang Zhou , Zijian Wu , Tongyan Hu , Yuhui Xu , Rengan Dou , Kenji Kawaguchi , Shafiq Joty , Junnan Li , Michael Qizhe Shieh

Large language models (LLMs) excel in tasks like question answering and dialogue, but complex tasks requiring interaction, such as negotiation and persuasion, require additional long-horizon reasoning and planning. Reinforcement learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Joey Hong , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

Instruction fine-tuning has recently emerged as a promising approach for improving the zero-shot capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) on new tasks. This technique has shown particular strength in improving the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jiuding Sun , Chantal Shaib , Byron C. Wallace

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks, yet current applications face challenges. While LLMs excel in general conversation scenarios, they struggle with specialized navigation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yunzhe Xu , Yiyuan Pan , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

Following the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), such as the Flamingo model and its subsequent competitors, have started to emerge as natural steps towards generalist agents. However, interacting with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Mustafa Shukor , Alexandre Rame , Corentin Dancette , Matthieu Cord

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been shown to be blind, often underutilizing their visual inputs even on tasks that require visual reasoning. In this work, we demonstrate that VLMs are selectively blind. They modulate the amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Wan-Cyuan Fan , Jiayun Luo , Declan Kutscher , Leonid Sigal , Ritwik Gupta

The Vision Language Model (VLM) excels in aligning vision and language representations, and prompt learning has emerged as a key technique for adapting such models to downstream tasks. However, the application of prompt learning with VLM in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Zhihao Wang , Wenke Huang , Tian Chen , Zekun Shi , Guancheng Wan , Yu Qiao , Bin Yang , Jian Wang , Bing Li , Mang Ye

Contemporary Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on a wide range of tasks by pairing a vision encoder with a pre-trained language model, fine-tuned for visual-text inputs. Yet despite these gains, it remains unclear how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lachin Naghashyar , Hunar Batra , Ashkan Khakzar , Philip Torr , Ronald Clark , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Constantin Venhoff

Recent advances have greatly increased the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but our understanding of the models and their safety has not progressed as fast. In this paper we aim to understand LLMs deeper by studying their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Justin Lee , Tuomas Oikarinen , Arjun Chatha , Keng-Chi Chang , Yilan Chen , Tsui-Wei Weng

Commonsense reasoning often requires both textual and visual knowledge, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) trained solely on text lack visual grounding (e.g., "what color is an emperor penguin's belly?"). Visual Language Models (VLMs) perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Guy Yariv , Idan Schwartz , Yossi Adi , Sagie Benaim

Masked language modeling (MLM) plays a key role in pretraining large language models. But the MLM objective is often dominated by high-frequency words that are sub-optimal for learning factual knowledge. In this work, we propose an approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Nafis Sadeq , Byungkyu Kang , Prarit Lamba , Julian McAuley

This paper introduces an efficient strategy to transform Large Language Models (LLMs) into Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs). By conceptualizing this transformation as a domain adaptation process, i.e., transitioning from text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Bingchen Zhao , Haoqin Tu , Chen Wei , Jieru Mei , Cihang Xie

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in visual and language reasoning tasks, they invariably generate flawed responses. Self-correction that instructs models to refine their outputs presents a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jiayi He , Hehai Lin , Qingyun Wang , Yi Fung , Heng Ji