Related papers: Condensation in Dust-Enriched Systems
Condensation models describe the equilibrium distribution of elements between coexisting mineral solid solutions, silicate liquid, and vapor in a closed chemical system, vapor phase always present, using equations of state of the phases…
The origin of Mercury's anomalous core and low FeO surface mineralogy are outstanding questions in planetary science. Mercury's composition may result from cosmochemical controls on the precursor solids that accreted to form Mercury. High…
We introduce a fast and versatile computer code, GGchem, to determine the chemical composition of gases in thermo-chemical equilibrium down to 100 K, with or without equilibrium condensation. We review the data for molecular equilibrium…
Condensation processes, which are responsible for the main chemical differences between gas and solids in the Galaxy, are the major mechanisms that control the cycle of dust from evolved stars to planetary systems. However, they are still…
Glass with embedded metal and sulfides (GEMS) is a major component of chondritic porous interplanetary dust particles. Although GEMS is one of the most primitive components in the Solar System, its formation process and conditions have not…
The condensation of complex silicates with pyroxene and olivine composition at conditions prevailing in molecular clouds has been experimentally studied. For this purpose, molecular species comprising refractory elements were forced to…
We have determined the mineralogical composition of dust in the Broad Absorption Line (BAL) quasar PG 2112+059 using mid-infrared spectroscopy obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope. From spectral fitting of the solid state features, we…
While sub-mm melt droplets should rapidly lose alkali elements in a vacuum at liquidus temperatures, chondrules are only modestly depleted in them (by less than one order of magnitude). The detection of sodium in olivine cores has…
We report Submillimeter Array dust continuum and molecular spectral line observations toward the Orion Bar photon-dominated region (PDR). The 1.2 mm continuum map reveals, for the first time, a total of 9 compact (r < 0.01pc) dust…
Partial condensation of dust from the Solar nebula is likely responsible for the diverse chemical compositions of chondrites and rocky planets/planetesimals in the inner Solar system. We present a forward physical-chemical model of a…
The chemical composition of gas in galaxies can be measured in detail from absorption spectroscopy. By studying gas in galaxies in this way, it is possible to investigate the small and faint galaxies, which are the most numerous in the…
The chemical equilibrium distribution of 69 elements between gas and melt is modeled for bulk silicate Earth (BSE) material from 1000 - 4500 K and 1e-6 to 100 bar. The BSE melt is modeled as a non-ideal solution and the effects of different…
We aim at assessing what are the most dominant dust species or types, including silicate and iron oxide grains present in the ISM, by using recent observations of dust depletion of galaxies at various evolutionary stages. We use the…
Ultraviolet spectra of stars recorded by orbiting observatories since the 1970's have revealed absorption features produced by atoms in their favored ionization stages in the neutral ISM of our Galaxy. Most elements show abundances relative…
This is the second paper in a series of three in which we present an exhaustive inventory of the 49 solid state emission bands observed in a sample of 17 oxygen-rich dust shells surrounding evolved stars. Most of these emission bands are…
We present the detection of dust depletion in Complex C, a massive, infalling, low-metallicity high-velocity cloud in the northern Galactic hemisphere that traces the ongoing accretion of gas onto the Milky Way. We analyze a very high…
We study the dust depletion pattern in eight well separated components of the z=1.973, logN(HI)=20.83, damped Lyman-alpha system toward Q0013-004, four of which have detectable H2 absorption. The apparent correlation between the abundance…
A new method is presented for recovering the abundances of Damped Ly alpha systems (DLAs) taking into account the effects of dust depletion. For the first time, possible variations of the chemical composition of the dust are taken into…
The growing interest in the high-z universe, where strongly obscured objects are present, has determined an effort to improve the simulations of dust formation and evolution in galaxies. Three main basic ingredients enter the problem…
We review silicate chondrules and metal-sulfide nodules in unequilibrated enstatite chondrites (EH3 and EL3). Their unique mineralogical assemblage, with a wide diversity of opaque phases, nitrides, nearly FeO-free enstatite etc. testify to…