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Pre-trained diffusion models have been successfully used as priors in a variety of linear inverse problems, where the goal is to reconstruct a signal from noisy linear measurements. However, existing approaches require knowledge of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Naoki Murata , Koichi Saito , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Toshimitsu Uesaka , Yuki Mitsufuji , Stefano Ermon

The problem of inpainting involves reconstructing the missing areas of an image. Inpainting has many applications, such as reconstructing old damaged photographs or removing obfuscations from images. In this paper we present the directional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-12 Jan Deriu , Rolf Jagerman , Kai-En Tsay

We study image inverse problems with a normalizing flow prior. Our formulation views the solution as the maximum a posteriori estimate of the image conditioned on the measurements. This formulation allows us to use noise models with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Jay Whang , Qi Lei , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Diffusion models have been used in cosmological applications as a generative model for fast simulations and to reconstruct underlying cosmological fields or astrophysical images from noisy data. These two tasks are often treated as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-07 Supranta S. Boruah , Michael Jacob , Bhuvnesh Jain

This work studies an inverse scattering problem when limited-aperture data are available that are from just one or a few incident fields. This inverse problem is highly ill-posed due to the limited receivers and a few incident fields…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Jianfeng Ning , Jun Zou

Trained generative models have shown remarkable performance as priors for inverse problems in imaging -- for example, Generative Adversarial Network priors permit recovery of test images from 5-10x fewer measurements than sparsity priors.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Muhammad Asim , Mara Daniels , Oscar Leong , Ali Ahmed , Paul Hand

Recently deep neural networks have been widely and successfully applied in computer vision tasks and attracted growing interests in medical imaging. One barrier for the application of deep neural networks to medical imaging is the need of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Kuang Gong , Kyungsang Kim , Jianan Cui , Ning Guo , Ciprian Catana , Jinyi Qi , Quanzheng Li

Can a diffusion model trained on bedrooms recover human faces? Diffusion models are widely used as priors for inverse problems, but standard approaches usually assume a high-fidelity model trained on data that closely match the unknown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jing Jia , Wei Yuan , Sifan Liu , Liyue Shen , Guanyang Wang

Inverse problems (IPs) involve reconstructing signals from noisy observations. Recently, diffusion models (DMs) have emerged as a powerful framework for solving IPs, achieving remarkable reconstruction performance. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yang Zheng , Wen Li , Zhaoqiang Liu

Long-tailed imbalance distribution is a common issue in practical computer vision applications. Previous works proposed methods to address this problem, which can be categorized into several classes: re-sampling, re-weighting, transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Pengxiao Han , Changkun Ye , Jieming Zhou , Jing Zhang , Jie Hong , Xuesong Li

Latent diffusion models (LDMs) have made significant advancements in the field of image generation in recent years. One major advantage of LDMs is their ability to operate in a compressed latent space, allowing for more efficient training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Christina Zhang , Simran Motwani , Matthew Yu , Ji Hou , Felix Juefei-Xu , Sam Tsai , Peter Vajda , Zijian He , Jialiang Wang

A general framework for solving image inverse problems is introduced in this paper. The approach is based on Gaussian mixture models, estimated via a computationally efficient MAP-EM algorithm. A dual mathematical interpretation of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-06-16 Guoshen Yu , Guillermo Sapiro , Stéphane Mallat

The inverse problem of backward diffusion is known to be ill-posed and highly unstable. Backward diffusion processes appear naturally in image enhancement and deblurring applications. It is therefore greatly desirable to establish a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-18 Leif Bergerhoff , Marcelo Cárdenas , Joachim Weickert , Martin Welk

Diffusion models have found phenomenal success as expressive priors for solving inverse problems, but their extension beyond natural images to more structured scientific domains remains limited. Motivated by applications in materials…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Timofey Efimov , Harry Dong , Megna Shah , Jeff Simmons , Sean Donegan , Yuejie Chi

This paper proposes a novel approach to spectral computed tomography (CT) material decomposition that uses the recent advances in generative diffusion models (DMs) for inverse problems. Spectral CT and more particularly photon-counting CT…

Many application domains, spanning from computational photography to medical imaging, require recovery of high-fidelity images from noisy, incomplete or partial/compressed measurements. State of the art methods for solving these inverse…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-13 Xinyi Wei , Hans van Gorp , Lizeth Gonzalez Carabarin , Daniel Freedman , Yonina C. Eldar , Ruud J. G. van Sloun

Diffusion models form an important class of generative models today, accounting for much of the state of the art in cutting edge AI research. While numerous extensions beyond image and video generation exist, few of such approaches address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

We propose self-diffusion, a novel framework for solving inverse problems without relying on pretrained generative models. Traditional diffusion-based approaches require training a model on a clean dataset to learn to reverse the forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guanxiong Luo , Shoujin Huang , Yanlong Yang

Diffusion models have achieved excellent success in solving inverse problems due to their ability to learn strong image priors, but existing approaches require a large training dataset of images that should come from the same distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jason Hu , Bowen Song , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Liyue Shen

Undersampling the k-space during MR acquisitions saves time, however results in an ill-posed inversion problem, leading to an infinite set of images as possible solutions. Traditionally, this is tackled as a reconstruction problem by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-10 Kerem C. Tezcan , Neerav Karani , Christian F. Baumgartner , Ender Konukoglu