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Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations have become a critical enabler for global coverage, utilizing numerous satellites orbiting Earth at high speeds. By decomposing complex network services into lightweight service functions,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Li Zeng , Zixin Wang , Yuanming Shi , Khaled B. Letaief

The integration of satellite and terrestrial networks is a promising solution for extending broadband coverage to areas not connected to a terrestrial infrastructure, as also demonstrated by recent commercial and standardisation endeavours.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-11-22 A. Guidotti , A. Vanelli-Coralli , T. Foggi , G. Colavolpe , M. Caus , J. Bas , S. Cioni , A. Modenini

Designing satellite constellation systems involves complex multidisciplinary optimization in which coverage serves as a primary driver of overall system cost and performance. Among the various design considerations, constellation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-27 David O. Williams Rogers , Dongshik Won , Dongwook Koh , Kyungwoo Hong , Hang Woon Lee

Platooning involves a set of vehicles moving in a cooperative fashion at equal inter-vehicular distances. Taking advantage of wireless communication technology, this paper aims to show the impact of network protocols on a platoon using a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Sanket Partani , Andreas Weinand , Hans D. Schotten

Emerging Low Earth Orbit (LEO) broadband constellations hold significant potential to provide advanced Internet services due to inherent geometric features of the grid topology. However, high dynamics, unstable topology changes, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Menglan Hu , Chenxin Wang , Bin Cao , Benkuan Zhou , Yan Dong , Kai Peng

Emerging integrated space and terrestrial networks (ISTN) built upon low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations aim at providing planet-wide Internet services, not only for residential users, but also for mobile users (e.g., in airplane…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Jihao Li , Hewu Li , Zeqi Lai , Qian Wu , Weisen Liu , Xiaomo Wang , Yuanjie Li , Jun Liu , Qi Zhang

Streaming videos from resource-constrained front-end devices over networks to resource-rich cloud servers has long been a common practice for surveillance and analytics. Most existing live video analytics (LVA) systems, however, have been…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Miao Zhang , Jiaxing Li , Haoyuan Zhao , Linfeng Shen , Jiangchuan Liu

Once deemed a far-fetched vision, emerging deployments of massive satellite constellations will soon offer true global coverage. When these constellations overlay the evolving terrestrial networks, a new hybrid continuum is formed which has…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Bassel Al Homssi , Akram Al-Hourani

The evolution of 6th generation (6G) networks increasingly relies on satellite-based Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) to extend broadband connectivity to remote and unserved regions, and to support public safety. In this paper we compare two…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Alexander Bonora , Marco Giordani , Michele Zorzi

The ultra-dense deployment of interconnected satellites will characterize future low Earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellations. Exploiting this towards a more efficient satellite network (SatNet), this paper proposes a novel LEO SatNet…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Mohammed Y. Abdelsadek , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu

We investigate a multi-low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite system that simultaneously provides positioning and communication services to terrestrial user terminals. To address the challenges of accurately acquiring channel state information in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Yuchen Zhang , Pinjun Zheng , Jie Ma , Henk Wymeersch , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The high mobility of satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) mega-constellations induces a highly dynamic network topology, leading to many problems like frequent service disruptions. To mitigate this, Packet-based Load Balancing (PBLB) is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Xiyuan Liu , Guano Liu , Xiucheng Tian , Wenting Wei

With the rapid advancement of aerospace technology and the large-scale deployment of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, the challenges facing astronomical observations and deep space exploration have become increasingly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-17 Zhixin Guo , Qi Shi , Xiaofan Xu , Sixiang Shan , Limin Qin , Linqiang Ge , Rui Zhang , Ya Dai , Hua Zhu , Guowei Jiang

Federated learning (FL) has recently emerged as a distributed machine learning paradigm for systems with limited and intermittent connectivity. This paper presents the new context brought to FL by satellite constellations, where the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Bho Matthiesen , Nasrin Razmi , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Armin Dekorsy , Petar Popovski

In this paper, we introduce a delay-aware largesmall model collaboration scheme for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks, which can balance the computational load among satellites and the communication load across inter-satellite links.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Mingyu Guo , Wen Wu , Ying Wang , Songge Zhang , Liang Li

A methodology is presented for the differential drag control of a large fleet of propulsion-less satellites deployed in the same orbit. The controller places satellites into a constellation with specified angular offsets and zero-relative…

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are emerging as a key component of non-terrestrial networks due to their low-latency and high-capacity communication capabilities. However, satellites in these orbits are characterized by a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Alejandro Ramírez-Arroyo , Miguel Villanueva-Fernández , Preben Mogensen

In this paper, we propose a terrestrial-satellite network (TSN) architecture to integrate the ultra-dense low earth orbit (LEO) networks and the terrestrial networks to achieve efficient data offloading. In TSN, each ground user can access…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Boya Di , Hongliang Zhang , Lingyang Song , Yonghui Li , Geoffrey Ye Li

The performance of large-scale Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) networks, which consist of thousands of satellites interconnected by optical links, is dependent on its network topology. Existing topology designs often assume idealized conditions and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Muaz Ali , Beichuan Zhang

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are evolving from communication relays into autonomous platforms operating in increasingly congested and contested environments. Since uplinks to ground stations can be severed or jammed,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianyi Sun , Shuo Liu , Minghui Xu , Xiuzhen Cheng