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Multi-label image classification presents a challenging task in many domains, including computer vision and medical imaging. Recent advancements have introduced graph-based and transformer-based methods to improve performance and capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Ahmad Sajedi , Samir Khaki , Yuri A. Lawryshyn , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

We investigate the efficacy of visual prompting to adapt large-scale models in vision. Following the recent approach from prompt tuning and adversarial reprogramming, we learn a single image perturbation such that a frozen model prompted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Hyojin Bahng , Ali Jahanian , Swami Sankaranarayanan , Phillip Isola

Vision-language model (VLM) embeddings have been shown to encode biases present in their training data, such as societal biases that prescribe negative characteristics to members of various racial and gender identities. VLMs are being…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Walter Gerych , Haoran Zhang , Kimia Hamidieh , Eileen Pan , Maanas Sharma , Thomas Hartvigsen , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Foundation Vision-Language Models (VLMs) trained using large-scale open-domain images and text pairs have recently been adapted to develop Vision-Language Segmentation Models (VLSMs) that allow providing text prompts during inference to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Manish Dhakal , Rabin Adhikari , Safal Thapaliya , Bishesh Khanal

Large language models (LLMs) acquire knowledge across diverse domains such as science, history, and geography encountered during generative pre-training. However, due to their stochasticity, it is difficult to predict what LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Kartik Sharma , Yiqiao Jin , Rakshit Trivedi , Srijan Kumar

Accurately describing images with text is a foundation of explainable AI. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have recently addressed this by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space, expressing semantic similarities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Pingchuan Ma , Lennart Rietdorf , Dmytro Kotovenko , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP are trained via contrastive learning between text and image pairs, resulting in aligned image and text embeddings that are useful for many downstream tasks. A notable drawback of CLIP, however, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Dylan Sam , Devin Willmott , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Large-scale contrastive pre-training produces powerful Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) capable of generating representations (embeddings) effective for a wide variety of visual and multimodal tasks. However, these pretrained embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nikolaos-Antonios Ypsilantis , Kaifeng Chen , André Araujo , Ondřej Chum

While multi-modal Visual Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant success across various domains, the integration of VLMs into recommendation and retrieval systems remains a challenge, due to issues like training objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Josh Beal , Eric Kim , Jinfeng Rao , Rex Wu , Dmitry Kislyuk , Charles Rosenberg

Vision language models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in visual question answering and image captioning, acting as a crucial link between visual and language models. However, existing open-source VLMs heavily rely on pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Aristeidis Panos , Rahaf Aljundi , Daniel Olmeda Reino , Richard E Turner

Ambiguity poses persistent challenges in natural language understanding for large language models (LLMs). To better understand how lexical ambiguity can be resolved through the visual domain, we develop an interpretable Visual Word Sense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Shamik Bhattacharya , Daniel Perkins , Yaren Dogan , Vineeth Konjeti , Sudarshan Srinivasan , Edmon Begoli

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been a celebrated method for training vision encoders to generate image/text representations facilitating various applications. Recently, CLIP has been widely adopted as the vision backbone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hong-You Chen , Zhengfeng Lai , Haotian Zhang , Xinze Wang , Marcin Eichner , Keen You , Meng Cao , Bowen Zhang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) on large-scale image-text pairs has recently witnessed rapid progress for learning cross-modal representations. Existing pre-training methods either directly concatenate image representation and text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Chenliang Li , Ming Yan , Haiyang Xu , Fuli Luo , Wei Wang , Bin Bi , Songfang Huang

Generalized Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation (GFSS) aims to extend a segmentation model to novel classes with only a few annotated examples while maintaining performance on base classes. Recently, pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jie Liu , Jiayi Shen , Pan Zhou , Jan-Jakob Sonke , Efstratios Gavves

Prompt learning has been designed as an alternative to fine-tuning for adapting Vision-language (V-L) models to the downstream tasks. Previous works mainly focus on text prompt while visual prompt works are limited for V-L models. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Chen Xu , Yuhan Zhu , Haocheng Shen , Boheng Chen , Yixuan Liao , Xiaoxin Chen , Limin Wang

Prompt learning represents a promising method for adapting pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to various downstream tasks by learning a set of text embeddings. One challenge inherent to these methods is the poor generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Fangming Cui , Xun Yang , Chao Wu , Liang Xiao , Xinmei Tian

Weakly supervised temporal action localization (WTAL) aims to detect action instances in untrimmed videos using only video-level annotations. Since many existing works optimize WTAL models based on action classification labels, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Geuntaek Lim , Hyunwoo Kim , Joonsoo Kim , Yukyung Choi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP are trained on large amounts of image-text pairs, resulting in remarkable generalization across several data distributions. However, in several cases, their expensive training and data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Sravanti Addepalli , Ashish Ramayee Asokan , Lakshay Sharma , R. Venkatesh Babu

What information is sufficient to learn the full richness of human scene understanding? The distributional hypothesis holds that the statistical co-occurrence of language and images captures the conceptual knowledge underlying visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Gillian Rosenberg , Skylar Stadhard , Bruce C. Hansen , Michelle R. Greene

We investigate compositional structures in data embeddings from pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs). Traditionally, compositionality has been associated with algebraic operations on embeddings of words from a pre-existing vocabulary.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Matthew Trager , Pramuditha Perera , Luca Zancato , Alessandro Achille , Parminder Bhatia , Stefano Soatto