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Artificial intelligence provides an unprecedented perspective for studying phases of matter in condensed-matter systems. Image segmentation is a basic technique of computer vision that belongs to a branch of artificial intelligence. In this…
A new method of the phase determination in X-ray crystallography is proposed. The method is based on the so-called "minimum charge" principle, recently suggested by Elser. The electron density function $\rho$ is sought in the form…
This article proposes a concept for dynamically reconfigurable distributed microwave circuits by leveraging the abrupt conductivity transition in phase-change materials (PCM). Metallic surface-inclusions (<<$\lambda$) are embedded in the…
It is widely agreed that phase change materials (PCMs) are of high interest for sustainable energy future. Many of the applications require anti-leakage properties of PCM, that can be accomplished through PCM encapsulation. In this study,…
Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are promising potential competitors to established photovoltaic technologies due to their superior efficiency and low-cost solution processability. However, the limited understanding of the crystallization…
Metals in amorphous state are promising for the use as structural materials due to their superior properties related to the absence of grain boundaries and dislocations.Obtaining the amorphous state requires quenching with a high cooling…
In the last decade phase change materials (PCM) research has switched from practical application in optical data storage toward electrical phase change random access memory technologies (PCRAM). As these devices are commercialised, we…
A monatomic simple liquid in two dimensions, where atoms interact isotropically through the Lennard-Jones-Gauss potential [M. Engel and H.-R. Trebin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 225505 (2007)], is vitrified by the use of a rapid cooling technique…
Phase-field simulation (PFS) have revolutionized the understanding of domain structure and switching behavior in ferroelectric thin films and ceramics. Generally, PFS is based on solution of a (set) of Ginzburg-Landau equations for a…
Optical metasurfaces composed of metallic or dielectric scatterers (meta-atoms) promise a powerful way of tailoring light-matter interactions. Phase-change materials (PCMs) are prime candidates for non-volatile resonance tuning of…
Phase-change materials (PCMs) such as Ge-Sb-Te alloys are widely used in non-volatile memory applications due to their rapid and reversible switching between amorphous and crystalline states. However, their functional properties are…
Phase is a fundamental resource for optical imaging but cannot be directly observed with intensity measurements. The existing methods to quantify a phase distribution rely on complex devices and structures. Here we experimentally…
Phase invariants are important pieces of information about the atomic structures of crystals. There are several mathematical methods in X-ray crystallography to estimate phase invariants. The multi-wave diffraction phenomenon offers a…
The study of phases is useful for understanding novel states of matter. One such state of matter are time crystals which constitute periodically driven interacting many-body systems that spontaneously break time translation symmetry. Time…
In numerous solution-processed thin films, a complex morphology resulting from liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) or from polycrystallization arises during the drying or subsequent processing steps. The morphology has a strong influence…
An iterative algorithm based on Monte Carlo method is used to model thin film growth of AB type molecule and crystallization. Primarly, PVD technique is investigated since it is one of the most preferred on thin film growth processes. The…
Photochromic materials enable dynamic optical modulation through reversible transitions between distinct absorption states, with broad potential for smart windows, adaptive optics, and reconfigurable photonic devices. Micron-scale…
Programmable and reconfigurable optics hold significant potential for transforming a broad spectrum of applications, spanning space explorations to biomedical imaging, gas sensing, and optical cloaking. The ability to adjust the optical…
We propose an energy-stable parametric finite element method (ES-PFEM) for simulating solid-state dewetting of thin films in two dimensions via a sharp-interface model, which is governed by surface diffusion and contact line (point)…
Amorphous phase-change materials enable fast and reversible switching in optical and electronic devices, yet crystallization kinetics are still controlled primarily through empirical thermal protocols. Here we identify a microscopic picture…