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Randomized neural networks (NNs) are an interesting alternative to conventional NNs that are more used for data modeling. The random vector functional-link (RVFL) network is an established and theoretically well-grounded randomized learning…

Computation · Statistics 2018-04-24 Hien D. Nguyen , Dianhui Wang , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

A random vector functional link network (RVFL) is widely used as a universal approximator for classification and regression problems. The big advantage of RVFL is fast training without backpropagation. This is because the weights and biases…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Grzegorz Dudek

Neural networks activated by the rectified linear unit (ReLU) play a central role in the recent development of deep learning. The topic of approximating functions from H\"older spaces by these networks is crucial for understanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Tong Mao , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Neural networks are regularly employed in adaptive control of nonlinear systems and related methods of reinforcement learning. A common architecture uses a neural network with a single hidden layer (i.e. a shallow network), in which the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Andrew Lamperski , Tyler Lekang

Neural networks have been successfully employed in various domains such as classification, regression and clustering, etc. Generally, the back propagation (BP) based iterative approaches are used to train the neural networks, however, it…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-23 A. K. Malik , Ruobin Gao , M. A. Ganaie , M. Tanveer , P. N. Suganthan

In this paper we are concerned with the approximation of functions by single hidden layer neural networks with ReLU activation functions on the unit circle. In particular, we are interested in the case when the number of data-points exceeds…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Benny Avelin , Vesa Julin

We investigate to what extent it is possible to solve linear inverse problems with $ReLu$ networks. Due to the scaling invariance arising from the linearity, an optimal reconstruction function $f$ for such a problem is positive homogeneous,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Stefan Bamberger , Reinhard Heckel , Felix Krahmer

This paper concentrates on the approximation power of deep feed-forward neural networks in terms of width and depth. It is proved by construction that ReLU networks with width $\mathcal{O}\big(\max\{d\lfloor N^{1/d}\rfloor,\, N+2\}\big)$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Zuowei Shen , Haizhao Yang , Shijun Zhang

This paper considers the following question: how well can depth-two ReLU networks with randomly initialized bottom-level weights represent smooth functions? We give near-matching upper- and lower-bounds for $L_2$-approximation in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Daniel Hsu , Clayton Sanford , Rocco A. Servedio , Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis

The local Lipschitz constant of a neural network is a useful metric with applications in robustness, generalization, and fairness evaluation. We provide novel analytic results relating the local Lipschitz constant of nonsmooth vector-valued…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-12 Matt Jordan , Alexandros G. Dimakis

In this work, we consider the approximation of a large class of bounded functions, with minimal regularity assumptions, by ReLU neural networks. We show that the approximation error can be bounded from above by a quantity proportional to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-27 Owen Davis , Gianluca Geraci , Mohammad Motamed

In recent years, functional neural networks have been proposed and studied in order to approximate nonlinear continuous functionals defined on $L^p([-1, 1]^s)$ for integers $s\ge1$ and $1\le p<\infty$. However, their theoretical properties…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-11 Linhao Song , Jun Fan , Di-Rong Chen , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Lipschitz-constrained neural networks have many applications in machine learning. Since designing and training expressive Lipschitz-constrained networks is very challenging, there is a need for improved methods and a better theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Sebastian Neumayer , Alexis Goujon , Pakshal Bohra , Michael Unser

The deployment of machine learning algorithms on resource-constrained edge devices is an important challenge from both theoretical and applied points of view. In this article, we focus on resource-efficient randomly connected neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Denis Kleyko , Mansour Kheffache , E. Paxon Frady , Urban Wiklund , Evgeny Osipov

Classical results in neural network approximation theory show how arbitrary continuous functions can be approximated by networks with a single hidden layer, under mild assumptions on the activation function. However, the classical theory…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-06 Tyler Lekang , Andrew Lamperski

The random vector functional link (RVFL) network is well-regarded for its strong generalization capabilities in the field of machine learning. However, its inherent dependencies on the square loss function make it susceptible to noise and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 M. Sajid , A. Quadir , M. Tanveer

We consider approximations of 1D Lipschitz functions by deep ReLU networks of a fixed width. We prove that without the assumption of continuous weight selection the uniform approximation error is lower than with this assumption at least by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-04 Dmitry Yarotsky

We consider approximations of general continuous functions on finite-dimensional cubes by general deep ReLU neural networks and study the approximation rates with respect to the modulus of continuity of the function and the total number of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Dmitry Yarotsky

We prove a precise geometric description of all one layer ReLU networks $z(x;\theta)$ with a single linear unit and input/output dimensions equal to one that interpolate a given dataset $\mathcal D=\{(x_i,f(x_i))\}$ and, among all such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-28 Boris Hanin

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) powered by neural net approximation of the Q function has had enormous empirical success. While the theory of RL has traditionally focused on linear function approximation (or eluder dimension) approaches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Baihe Huang , Kaixuan Huang , Sham M. Kakade , Jason D. Lee , Qi Lei , Runzhe Wang , Jiaqi Yang
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