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Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are generally considered as the scaled-up counterparts of X-ray binaries (XRBs). It is known that the power spectral density (PSD) of the X-ray emission of XRBs shows significant evolution with spectral states.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-07 Haonan Yang , Chichuan Jin , Weimin Yuan

X-ray variability in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is commonly analysed in terms of the Power Spectral Density (PSD). The break observed in the power spectrum can be interpreted as a characteristic X-ray variability time scale. Here we study…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 W. Ishibashi , T. J. -L. Courvoisier

Over three quarters in 2010-2011, Kepler monitored optical emission from four active galactic nuclei (AGN) with ~30 min sampling, >90% duty cycle, and <~0.1% repeatability. These data determined the AGN optical fluctuation power spectral…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Richard F. Mushotzky , Rick Edelson , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Poshak Gandhi

The All Sky Monitor (ASM) onboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) has continuously monitored a number of Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with similar sampling rates for 14 years from 1996 January to 2009 December. Utilizing the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 You-Hong Zhang

AGN, powered by accretion onto SMBHs, are thought to be scaled up versions of Galactic black hole X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs). In the past few years evidence of such correspondence include similarities in the broadband shape of the X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 O. Gonzalez-Martin , S. Vaughan

Scaling relations are the most powerful astrophysical tools to set constraints to the physical mechanisms of astro- nomical sources and to infer properties that cannot be accessed directly. We re-investigate here one of these scaling…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-05-02 O. González-Martín

We have used photometry from the Kepler satellite to characterize the variability of four radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) on timescales from years to minutes. The Kepler satellite produced nearly continuous high precision data sets…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-01-27 Mitchell Revalski , Dawid Nowak , Paul J. Wiita , Ann E. Wehrle , Stephen C. Unwin

We study the ensemble X-ray variability properties of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) over a large range of timescales (20 ks $\leq T\leq$ 14 yrs), redshift ($0\leq z \lesssim 3$), luminosities ($10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}\leq L_X\leq 10^{46}$ erg…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-10 M. Paolillo , I. E. Papadakis , W. N. Brandt , F. E. Bauer , G. Lanzuisi , V. Allevato , O. Shemmer , X. C. Zheng , D. De Cicco , R. Gilli , B. Luo , M. Thomas , P. Tozzi , F. Vito , Y. Q. Xue

We present results of our Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis of 30 AGN using the 58 month light curves from Swift's Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) in the 14-150 keV band. PSDs were fit using a Monte Carlo based algorithm to take into…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-05-28 T. Taro Shimizu , Richard F. Mushotzky

Accreting supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies are the engine of active galactic nuclei (AGN). X-ray light curves of unabsorbed AGN show dramatic random variability on timescales ranging from seconds to years. The power…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-29 Mehdy Lefkir , Simon Vaughan , Mike Goad , Daniela Huppenkothen , Phil Uttley

[Abbreviated] We search for scaling relations between the fundamental AGN parameters and rest-frame UV/optical variability properties for a sample of $\sim$90 X-ray selected AGNs covering a wide redshift range from the XMM-COSMOS survey,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-01-13 T. Simm , M. Salvato , R. Saglia , G. Ponti , G. Lanzuisi , K. Nandra , R. Bender

X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and black hole binaries can be analysed by means of the power spectral density (PSD). The break observed in the power spectrum defines a characteristic variability timescale of the accreting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 W. Ishibashi , T. J. -L. Courvoisier

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) exhibit strong variability across the electromagnetic spectrum on a wide range of timescales, particularly in X-rays where fluctuations are both rapid and high amplitude. Power spectral density (PSD) analysis…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-13 V. A. Diamantopoulos , I. E. Papadakis , A. Akylas , A. Zoghbi , E. Kammoun , B. Rani

X-ray variation is a ubiquitous feature of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), however, its origin is not well understood. In this paper, we show that the X-ray flux variations in some AGNs, and correspondingly the power spectral densities…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-23 Fupeng Zhang , Qingjuan Yu , Youjun Lu

We present a detailed X-ray variability study of the low mass Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) NGC 7314 using the two newly obtained XMM-Newton observations ($140$ and $130$ ks), together with two archival data sets of shorter duration ($45$…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-27 D. Emmanoulopoulos , I. M. McHardy , S. Vaughan , I. E. Papadakis

We study the optical variability characteristics of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) from the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) AGN catalogue by utilising approximately five years of optical light curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-12 Vivek Kumar Jha , Debbijoy Bhattacharya , Hum Chand

It is generally thought that AGN optical variability is produced, at least in part, by reprocessing of central X-rays by a surrounding accretion disc, resulting in wavelength-dependent lags between bands. Any good model of AGN optical…

Under the unified model for active galactic nuclei (AGNs), narrow-line (Type 2) AGNs are, in fact, broad-line (Type 1) AGNs but each with a heavily obscured accretion disk. We would therefore expect the optical continuum emission from Type…

We present results of recurrence analysis of 46 active galactic nuclei (AGN) using light curves from the 157-month catalog of the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) in the 14-150 keV band. We generate recurrence plots and compute recurrence…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-28 R. A. Phillipson , M. S. Vogeley , P. T. Boyd

The spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are often characterized by a wealth of emission lines with different profiles and intensity ratios that led to a complicated classification. Their electro-magnetic radiation spans more than 10…

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