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We rigorously prove a central limit theorem for neural network models with a single hidden layer. The central limit theorem is proven in the asymptotic regime of simultaneously (A) large numbers of hidden units and (B) large numbers of…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Justin Sirignano , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

We prove a central limit theorem for a certain class of functions on sparse rank-one inhomogeneous random graphs endowed with additional i.i.d. edge and vertex weights. Our proof of the central limit theorem uses a perturbative form of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Anja Sturm , Moritz Wemheuer

We study approximation limits of single-hidden-layer neural networks with analytic activation functions under global coefficient constraints. Under uniform $\ell^1$ bounds, or more generally sub-exponential growth of the coefficients, we…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-09 Jean-Gabriel Attali

A new non-linear variant of a quantitative extension of the uniform boundedness principle is used to show sharpness of error bounds for univariate approximation by sums of sigmoid and ReLU functions. Single hidden layer feedforward neural…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-18 Steffen Goebbels

We contribute to a better understanding of the class of functions that can be represented by a neural network with ReLU activations and a given architecture. Using techniques from mixed-integer optimization, polyhedral theory, and tropical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Christoph Hertrich , Amitabh Basu , Marco Di Summa , Martin Skutella

We prove a functional central limit theorem for subgraph counts in a dynamic version of the random connection model. To establish tightness, we develop a dynamic extension of the cumulant method.

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Rajat Subhra Hazra , Nikolai Kriukov , Michel Mandjes , Moritz Otto

We derive global convergence bounds for the Frank Wolfe algorithm when training one hidden layer neural networks. When using the ReLU activation function, and under tractable preconditioning assumptions on the sample data set, the linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-07 Alexandre d'Aspremont , Mert Pilanci

Let $Q$ be a transition probability on a measurable space $E$, let $(X\_n)\_n$ be a Markov chain associated to $Q$, and let $\xi$ be a real-valued measurable function on $E$, and $S\_n = \sum\_{k=1}^{n} \xi(X\_k)$. Under functional…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Loïc Hervé

When the underlying random variables are Gaussian, the classical Central Limit Theorem (CLT) is trivial, but the functional CLT is not. The objective of the paper is to investigate the functional CLT for stationary Gaussian processes in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-20 S. V. Lototsky

Lacunary function systems of type $(f(M_nx))_{n\geq 1}$ for periodic functions $f$ and sequences of fast-growing matrices $(M_n)_{n\geq 1}$ exhibit many properties of independent random variables like satisfying the Central Limit Theorem or…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-12 Thomas Löbbe

We study inhomogeneous random graphs with a finite type space. For a natural generalization of the model as a dynamic network-valued process, the paper establishes the following results: (a) Functional central limit theorems for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Shankar Bhamidi , Amarjit Budhiraja , Akshay Sakanaveeti

In this article, we quantify the functional convergence of the rescaled random walk with heavy tails to a stable process.This generalizes the Generalized Central Limit Theorem for stable random variables infinite dimension. We show that…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Lorick Huang , Laurent Decreusefond , Laure Coutin

We establish central limit theorems for a large class of supercritical branching Markov processes in infinite dimension with spatially dependent and non-necessarily local branching mechanisms. This result relies on a fourth moment…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Bertrand Cloez , Nicolás Zalduendo

We establish central and non-central limit theorems for sequences of functionals of the Gaussian output of an infinitely-wide random neural network on the d-dimensional sphere . We show that the asymptotic behaviour of these functionals as…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Simmaco Di Lillo , Leonardo Maini , Domenico Marinucci

The central limit theorem is, with the strong law of large numbers, one of the two fundamental limit theorems in probability theory. Benjamin Jourdain and Alvin Tse have extended to non-linear functionals of the empirical measure of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-14 Roberta Flenghi , Benjamin Jourdain

This paper establishes limit theorems for a class of stochastic hybrid systems (continuous deterministic dynamic coupled with jump Markov processes) in the fluid limit (small jumps at high frequency), thus extending known results for jump…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-01-15 K. Pakdaman , M. Thieullen , G. Wainrib

We perform accurate numerical experiments with fully-connected (FC) one-hidden layer neural networks trained with a discretized Langevin dynamics on the MNIST and CIFAR10 datasets. Our goal is to empirically determine the regimes of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-01-23 P. Baglioni , R. Pacelli , R. Aiudi , F. Di Renzo , A. Vezzani , R. Burioni , P. Rotondo

We examine one-hidden-layer neural networks with random weights. It is well-known that in the limit of infinitely many neurons they simplify to Gaussian processes. For networks with a polynomial activation, we demonstrate that the rate of…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-08 Adam Klukowski

We consider N single server infinite buffer queues with service rate \beta. Customers arrive at rate N\alpha, choose L queues uniformly, and join the shortest. We study the processes R^N for large N, where R^N_t(k) is the fraction of queues…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Carl Graham

We provide complementary results for a family of models with dependence on their previous $k$-sum. Using a martingale-based approach, we establish a functional central limit theorem and analyze the limiting behavior of the center of mass.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Víctor Hugo Vázquez Guevara , Manuel González-Navarrete
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