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We provide a systematic, thorough treatment of the foundations of probability theory and stochastic processes along the lines of E. Bishop's constructive analysis. Every existence result presented shall be a construction; and the input…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Yuen-Kwok Chan

We introduce the concept of an extremely negatively dependent (END) sequence of random variables with a given common marginal distribution. The END structure, as a new benchmark for negative dependence, is comparable to comonotonicity and…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Bin Wang , Ruodu Wang

The mathematical essence in life insurance spins around the search of the nu\-me\-ri\-cal characteristics of the random variables $T_x$, $\nu^{T_x}$, $T_x\nu^{T_x}$, etc., where $\nu$ (deterministic) denotes the discount multiplier and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Andrius Grigutis , Eglė Matulevičiūtė , Mindaugas Venckevičius

This article offers a simplified approach to the distribution theory of randomly weighted averages or $P$-means $M_P(X):= \sum_{j} X_j P_j$, for a sequence of i.i.d.random variables $X, X_1, X_2, \ldots$, and independent random weights $P:=…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Jim Pitman

We consider the branching random walk in random environment with a random absorption wall. When we add this barrier, we discuss some topics related to the survival probability. We assume that the random environment is i.i.d., $S_i$ is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-09 You Lv

We discuss the identification of a time-dependent potential in a time-fractional diffusion model from a boundary measurement taken at a single point. Theoretically, we establish a conditional Lipschitz stability for this inverse problem.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Siyu Cen , Kwancheol Shin , Zhi Zhou

Providing finite-time probabilistic safety and reach-avoid guarantees is crucial for safety-critical stochastic systems. Existing state-of-the-art barrier methods often rely on a restrictive boundedness assumption for auxiliary functions,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Bai Xue , Luke Ong , Dominik Wagner , Peixin Wang

As a motivating problem, we aim to study some special aspects of the marginal distributions of the order statistics for exchangeable and (more generally) for minimally stable non-negative random variables $T_{1},...,T_{r}$. In any case, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-06-16 Rachele Foschi , Giovanna Nappo , Fabio L. Spizzichino

Survival data with time-varying covariates are common in practice. If relevant, they can improve on the estimation of survival function. However, the traditional survival forests - conditional inference forest, relative risk forest and…

Applications · Statistics 2022-06-06 Weichi Yao , Halina Frydman , Denis Larocque , Jeffrey S. Simonoff

We study the survival probability and the first-passage time distribution for a Brownian motion in a planar wedge with infinite absorbing edges. We generalize existing results obtained for wedge angles of the form $\pi/n$ with $n$ a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-02-18 Marie Chupeau , Olivier Bénichou , Satya N. Majumdar

For nonnegative random variables with finite means we introduce an analogous of the equilibrium residual-lifetime distribution based on the quantile function. This allows to construct new distributions with support (0,1), and to obtain a…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Antonio Di Crescenzo , Barbara Martinucci , Julio Mulero

We derive new approximations for the Value at Risk and the Expected Shortfall at high levels of loss distributions with positive skewness and excess kurtosis, and we describe their precisions for notable ones such as for exponential, Pareto…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-12-25 Matyas Barczy , Adam Dudas , Jozsef Gall

The $k$-of-$n$ testing problem involves performing $n$ independent tests sequentially, in order to determine whether/not at least $k$ tests pass. The objective is to minimize the expected cost of testing. This is a fundamental and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Rayen Tan , Viswanath Nagarajan

A discrete time probabilistic model, for optimal equity allocation and portfolio selection, is formulated so as to apply to (at least) reinsurance. In the context of a company with several portfolios (or subsidiaries), representing both…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2008-12-02 Erik Taflin

We introduce a criterion, resilience, which allows properties of a dataset (such as its mean or best low rank approximation) to be robustly computed, even in the presence of a large fraction of arbitrary additional data. Resilience is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Jacob Steinhardt , Moses Charikar , Gregory Valiant

We present a new estimator of the restricted mean survival time in randomized trials where there is right censoring that may depend on treatment and baseline variables. The proposed estimator leverages prognostic baseline variables to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Iván Díaz , Elizabeth Colantuoni , Daniel F. Hanley , Michael Rosenblum

Proportional mean residual life model is studied for analysing survival data from the case-cohort design. To simultaneously estimate the regression parameters and the baseline mean residual life function, weighted estimating equations based…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-18 Huijuan Ma , Jianhua Shi , Yong Zhou

A discrete version of the Gumbel (Type I) extreme value distribution has been derived by using the general approach of discretization of a continuous distribution. Important distributional and reliability properties have been explored. It…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-29 Subrata Chakraborty , Dhrubajyoti Chakravarty

Given an Orlicz function $M$, we show which random variables $\xi_i$, $i=1,...,n$ generate the associated Orlicz norm, i.e., which random variables yield $\mathbb{E} \max\limits_{1\leq i \leq n}|x_i\xi_i| \sim \norm{(x_i)_{i=1}^n}_M$. As a…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2012-04-06 Soeren Christensen , Joscha Prochno , Stiene Riemer

We study the exact distributions of runs of a fixed length in variation which considers binary trials for which the probability of ones is geometrically varying. The random variable $E_{n,k}$ denote the number of success runs of a fixed…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-21 Jungtaek Oh , Dae-Gyu Jang