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We consider the problem of approximating a $d \times d$ covariance matrix $M$ with a rank-$k$ matrix under $(\varepsilon,\delta)$-differential privacy. We present and analyze a complex variant of the Gaussian mechanism and obtain upper…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Oren Mangoubi , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

Given a symmetric matrix $M$ and a vector $\lambda$, we present new bounds on the Frobenius-distance utility of the Gaussian mechanism for approximating $M$ by a matrix whose spectrum is $\lambda$, under $(\varepsilon,\delta)$-differential…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Oren Mangoubi , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

Given a matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{m\times d}$ with singular values $\sigma_1\geq \cdots \geq \sigma_d$, and a random matrix $G \in \mathbb{R}^{m\times d}$ with iid $N(0,T)$ entries for some $T>0$, we derive new bounds on the Frobenius…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-05 Peiyao Lai , Oren Mangoubi

We prove new lower bounds for statistical estimation tasks under the constraint of $(\varepsilon, \delta)$-differential privacy. First, we provide tight lower bounds for private covariance estimation of Gaussian distributions. We show that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Gautam Kamath , Argyris Mouzakis , Vikrant Singhal

In this paper, we present two new algorithms for covariance estimation under concentrated differential privacy (zCDP). The first algorithm achieves a Frobenius error of $\tilde{O}(d^{1/4}\sqrt{\mathrm{tr}}/\sqrt{n} + \sqrt{d}/n)$, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Wei Dong , Yuting Liang , Ke Yi

We present a simple perturbation mechanism for the release of $d$-dimensional covariance matrices $\Sigma$ under pure differential privacy. For large datasets with at least $n\geq d^2/\varepsilon$ elements, our mechanism recovers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Tommaso d'Orsi , Gleb Novikov

A central challenge in machine learning is to understand how noise or measurement errors affect low-rank approximations, particularly in the spectral norm. This question is especially important in differentially private low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Phuc Tran , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi , Van H. Vu

In this work, we give efficient algorithms for privately estimating a Gaussian distribution in both pure and approximate differential privacy (DP) models with optimal dependence on the dimension in the sample complexity. In the pure DP…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Daniel Alabi , Pravesh K. Kothari , Pranay Tankala , Prayaag Venkat , Fred Zhang

We provide optimal lower bounds for two well-known parameter estimation (also known as statistical estimation) tasks in high dimensions with approximate differential privacy. First, we prove that for any $\alpha \le O(1)$, estimating the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-05 Shyam Narayanan

The wide deployment of machine learning in recent years gives rise to a great demand for large-scale and high-dimensional data, for which the privacy raises serious concern. Differential privacy (DP) mechanisms are conventionally developed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Jungang Yang , Liyao Xiang , Weiting Li , Wei Liu , Xinbing Wang

The Gaussian mechanism is an essential building block used in multitude of differentially private data analysis algorithms. In this paper we revisit the Gaussian mechanism and show that the original analysis has several important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-08 Borja Balle , Yu-Xiang Wang

The covariance matrix plays a fundamental role in the analysis of high-dimensional data. This paper studies minimax and adaptive estimation of high-dimensional bandable covariance matrices under differential privacy constraints. We propose…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-23 T. Tony Cai , Yicheng Li

We investigate unbiased high-dimensional mean estimators in differential privacy. We consider differentially private mechanisms whose expected output equals the mean of the input dataset, for every dataset drawn from a fixed bounded…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-22 Aleksandar Nikolov , Haohua Tang

Given $n$ i.i.d. random matrices $A_i \in \mathbb{R}^{d \times d}$ that share a common expectation $\Sigma$, the objective of Differentially Private Stochastic PCA is to identify a subspace of dimension $k$ that captures the largest…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-15 Johanna Düngler , Amartya Sanyal

This paper develops a framework for differentially private $e$-values under Gaussian differential privacy ($\mu$-GDP). We characterize the canonical noise mechanism, establishing that optimal multiplicative perturbation follows a Gaussian…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-29 Qi Kuang , Bowen Gang , Yin Xia

Computing accurate low rank approximations of large matrices is a fundamental data mining task. In many applications however the matrix contains sensitive information about individuals. In such case we would like to release a low rank…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-11-06 Moritz Hardt , Aaron Roth

We propose PACE-GGM, a data-adaptive differentially private method for covariance estimation that concentrates its privacy budget on the most informative entries of the empirical covariance matrix, rather than perturbing all entries. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Cecilia Ferrando , Miguel Fuentes , Brett Mullins , Cameron Musco , Daniel Sheldon

In this paper we give an explicit solution to the rank constrained matrix approximation in Frobenius norm, which is a generalization of the classical approximation of an m by n matrix A by a matrix of rank k at most.

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Shmuel Friedland , Anatoli Torokhti

This paper studies the extreme gaps between eigenvalues of random matrices. We give the joint limiting law of the smallest gaps for Haar-distributed unitary matrices and matrices from the Gaussian unitary ensemble. In particular, the kth…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-25 Gérard Ben Arous , Paul Bourgade

In this paper, we consider the $k$-approximate pattern matching problem under differential privacy, where the goal is to report or count all substrings of a given string $S$ which have a Hamming distance at most $k$ to a pattern $P$, or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Teresa Anna Steiner
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