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Computational complexity of Bayesian learning is impeding its adoption in practical, large-scale tasks. Despite demonstrations of significant merits such as improved robustness and resilience to unseen or out-of-distribution inputs over…

Model comparison is the cornerstone of theoretical progress in psychological research. Common practice overwhelmingly relies on tools that evaluate competing models by balancing in-sample descriptive adequacy against model flexibility, with…

Applications · Statistics 2021-10-11 Viet-Hung Dao , David Gunawan , Minh-Ngoc Tran , Robert Kohn , Guy E. Hawkins , Scott D. Brown

Variational representations of divergences and distances between high-dimensional probability distributions offer significant theoretical insights and practical advantages in numerous research areas. Recently, they have gained popularity in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Jeremiah Birrell , Markos A. Katsoulakis , Yannis Pantazis

It is known that describing or calculating the conditional probabilities of multiple events is exponentially expensive. In this work, Bayesian tensor network (BTN) is proposed to efficiently capture the conditional probabilities of multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-08 Shi-Ju Ran

Various AI models are increasingly being considered as part of clinical decision-support tools. However, the trustworthiness of such models is rarely considered. Clinicians are more likely to use a model if they can understand and trust its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Evangelia Kyrimi , Somayyeh Mossadegh , Nigel Tai , William Marsh

Federated Bayesian learning offers a principled framework for the definition of collaborative training algorithms that are able to quantify epistemic uncertainty and to produce trustworthy decisions. Upon the completion of collaborative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Jinu Gong , Osvaldo Simeone , Joonhyuk Kang

Variational inference provides approximations to the computationally intractable posterior distribution in Bayesian networks. A prominent medical application of noisy-or Bayesian network is to infer potential diseases given observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Yusheng Xie , Nan Du , Wei Fan , Jing Zhai , Weicheng Zhu

Density estimation is essential for generative modeling, particularly with the rise of modern neural networks. While existing methods capture complex data distributions, they often lack interpretability and uncertainty quantification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Lu Xu , Tsai Hor Chan , Kwok Fai Lam , Lequan Yu , Guosheng Yin

A plethora of networks is being collected in a growing number of fields, including disease transmission, international relations, social interactions, and others. As data streams continue to grow, the complexity associated with these highly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-11 Daniele Durante , Nabanita Mukherjee , Rebecca C. Steorts

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been established as the main workhorse in image data processing; nonetheless, they require large amounts of data to train, often produce overconfident predictions, and frequently lack the ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Sarah Harkins Dayton , Hayden Everett , Ioannis Schizas , David L. Boothe , Vasileios Maroulas

Active learning optimizes the exploration of large parameter spaces by strategically selecting which experiments or simulations to conduct, thus reducing resource consumption and potentially accelerating scientific discovery. A key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Maxim Ziatdinov

In variational inference, the benefits of Bayesian models rely on accurately capturing the true posterior distribution. We propose using neural samplers that specify implicit distributions, which are well-suited for approximating complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Anshuk Uppal , Kristoffer Stensbo-Smidt , Wouter Boomsma , Jes Frellsen

In this paper, we empirically evaluate algorithms for learning four types of Bayesian network (BN) classifiers - Naive-Bayes, tree augmented Naive-Bayes, BN augmented Naive-Bayes and general BNs, where the latter two are learned using two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Jie Cheng , Russell Greiner

Upcoming surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will detect up to 10 million time-varying sources in the sky every night for ten years. This information will be transmitted in a continuous…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-12 Anais Möller , Thibault de Boissière

Bayesian methods have proved powerful in many applications for the inference of model parameters from data. These methods are based on Bayes' theorem, which itself is deceptively simple. However, in practice the computations required are…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-10 Michael A. Chappell , Mark W. Woolrich

Neural networks are powerful tools for cognitive modeling due to their flexibility and emergent properties. However, interpreting their learned representations remains challenging due to their sub-symbolic semantics. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Andrew Nam , Declan Campbell , Thomas Griffiths , Jonathan Cohen , Sarah-Jane Leslie

Prevalent solution for BioNER involves using representation learning techniques coupled with sequence labeling. However, such methods are inherently task-specific, demonstrate poor generalizability, and often require dedicated model for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Junyi Biana , Weiqi Zhai , Xiaodi Huang , Jiaxuan Zheng , Shanfeng Zhu

Modern deep learning tools are remarkably effective in addressing intricate problems. However, their operation as black-box models introduces increased uncertainty in predictions. Additionally, they contend with various challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Sourav Ganguly , Saprativa Bhattacharjee

Despite the dominant role of deep models in machine learning, limitations persist, including overconfident predictions, susceptibility to adversarial attacks, and underestimation of variability in predictions. The Bayesian paradigm provides…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-18 Alisa Sheinkman , Sara Wade

Continual learning models allow to learn and adapt to new changes and tasks over time. However, in continual and sequential learning scenarios in which the models are trained using different data with various distributions, neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-17 HongLin Li , Payam Barnaghi , Shirin Enshaeifar , Frieder Ganz