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Reliable state estimation is essential for autonomous systems operating in complex, noisy environments. Classical filtering approaches, such as the Kalman filter, can struggle when facing nonlinear dynamics or non-Gaussian noise, and even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Wonjin Song , Feng Bao

Implementing a quantum algorithm on a NISQ device has several challenges that arise from the fact that such devices are noisy and have limited quantum resources. Thus, various factors contributing to the depth and width as well as to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-25 Frank Leymann , Johanna Barzen

Near-term quantum computers have been built as intermediate-scale quantum devices and are fragile against quantum noise effects, namely, NISQ devices. Traditional quantum-error-correcting codes are not implemented on such devices and to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Yusuke Hama , Hirofumi Nishi

Due to several physical limitations in the realisation of quantum hardware, today's quantum computers are qualified as Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware. NISQ hardware is characterized by a small number of qubits (50 to a few…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Siyuan Niu , Adrien Suau , Gabriel Staffelbach , Aida Todri-Sanial

Noisy, Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers have reached the point where they can show the potential for quantum advantage over classical computing. Unfortunately, NISQ machines introduce sufficient noise that even for moderate size…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Evan McKinney , Mingkang Xia , Chao Zhou , Pinlei Lu , Michael Hatridge , Alex K. Jones

If NISQ-era quantum computers are to perform useful tasks, they will need to employ powerful error mitigation techniques. Quasi-probability methods can permit perfect error compensation at the cost of additional circuit executions, provided…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-14 Armands Strikis , Dayue Qin , Yanzhu Chen , Simon C. Benjamin , Ying Li

The rapid advancement of quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML) has given rise to the burgeoning field of quantum machine learning (QML), aiming to capitalize on the strengths of quantum computing to propel ML forward. Despite its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Xin Dai , Tzu-Chieh Wei , Shinjae Yoo , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

Quantum machine learning (QML) leverages quantum computing for classical inference, furnishes the processing of quantum data with machine-learning methods, and provides quantum algorithms adapted to noisy devices. Typically, QML proposals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Luis Mantilla Calderón , Robert Raussendorf , Polina Feldmann , Dmytro Bondarenko

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used across many domains, but their scale makes deployment challenging. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) reduces memory footprint without retraining by leveraging a small calibration set. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jaemin Kim , Sungkyun Kim , Junyeol Lee , Jiwon Seo

Quantum simulation has the potential to be an indispensable technique for the investigation of non-perturbative phenomena in strongly-interacting quantum field theories (QFTs). In the modern quantum era, with Noisy Intermediate Scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-17 Christopher Lamb , Yicheng Tang , Robert Davis , Ananda Roy

Quantum volume (QV) has become the de-facto standard benchmark to quantify the capability of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. While QV values are often reported by NISQ providers for their systems, we perform our own series…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 Elijah Pelofske , Andreas Bärtschi , Stephan Eidenbenz

This paper proposes a general decentralized framework for quantum kernel learning (QKL). It has robustness against quantum noise and can also be designed to defend adversarial information attacks forming a robust approach named RDQKL. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Wenxuan Ma , Kuan-Cheng Chen , Shang Yu , Mengxiang Liu , Ruilong Deng

Extracting energy spectra from quantum Hamiltonians is a fundamental task for quantum simulation, yet remains challenging on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. We propose Measured Quantum Time Evolution (MQTE), an ancilla-free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Qing-Xing Xie , Yong-Kang Duan , Fa-Hui Liu , Yan Zhao

Quantum computing testbeds exhibit high-fidelity quantum control over small collections of qubits, enabling performance of precise, repeatable operations followed by measurements. Currently, these noisy intermediate-scale devices can…

Monitored quantum circuits offer great perspectives for exploring the interplay of quantum information and complex quantum dynamics. These systems could realize the extensively studied entanglement and purification phase transitions, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Moein N. Ivaki , Teemu Ojanen , Ali G. Moghaddam

Recent advancements in quantum computing, alongside successful deployments of quantum communication, hold promises for revolutionizing mobile networks. While Quantum Machine Learning (QML) presents opportunities, it contends with challenges…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Himanshu Sahu , Hari Prabhat Gupta

The current stage of quantum computing technology, called noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) technology, is characterized by large errors that prohibit it from being used for real applications. In these devices, decoherence, one of the…

Quantum measurements are inherently noisy, hindering reliable entanglement detection and limiting the scalability of quantum technologies. While error mitigation and correction strategies exist, they often impose prohibitive resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Mahmoud Mahdian , Ali Babapour-Azar , Zahra Mousavi , Rashed Khanjani-Shiraz

Quantum error mitigation, a data processing technique for recovering the statistics of target processes from their noisy version, is a crucial task for near-term quantum technologies. Most existing methods require prior knowledge of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-04 Manwen Liao , Yan Zhu , Giulio Chiribella , Yuxiang Yang

Manipulating quantum computing hardware in the presence of imperfect devices and control systems is a central challenge in realizing useful quantum computers. Susceptibility to noise limits the performance and capabilities of noisy…