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State-of-the-art noisy-intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors are currently implemented across a variety of hardware platforms, each with their own distinct gatesets. As such, circuit compilation should not only be aware of, but also…

Quantum noise is the key challenge in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Previous work for mitigating noise has primarily focused on gate-level or pulse-level noise-adaptive compilation. However, limited research efforts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Hanrui Wang , Yongshan Ding , Jiaqi Gu , Zirui Li , Yujun Lin , David Z. Pan , Frederic T. Chong , Song Han

While Quantum Machine Learning (QML) holds great potential, its practical realization on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware has been hindered by the limitations of variational quantum circuits (VQCs). Recent evidence suggests…

Non-unitary protocols are already at the base of many hybrid quantum computing applications, especially in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era where quantum errors typically affect the unitary evolution. However, while the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-05 Giuseppe Clemente , Kevin Zambello

Due to the immense potential of quantum computers and the significant computing overhead required in machine learning applications, the variational quantum classifier (VQC) has received a lot of interest recently for image classification.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Ruiyang Qin , Zhiding Liang , Jinglei Cheng , Peter Kogge , Yiyu Shi

Variational Quantum Eigensolvers (VQEs) are a powerful class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms designed to approximate the ground state of a quantum system described by its Hamiltonian. VQEs hold promise for various applications,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Kim A. Nicoli , Luca J. Wagner , Lena Funcke

The inherent noise in current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices presents a major obstacle to the accurate implementation of quantum algorithms such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) for quantum chemistry…

Machine learning models and their applications, such as autonomous driving systems, are becoming increasingly common and are essential components of human daily life. However, due to their sensitivity to perturbed noise, these models are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Ban Q. Tran , Chuong K. Luong , Viet Q. Nguyen , Duong M. Chu , Susan Mengel

We study the fundamental design automation problem of equivalence checking in the NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) computing realm where quantum noise is present inevitably. The notion of approximate equivalence of (possibly noisy)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-04 Xin Hong , Mingsheng Ying , Yuan Feng , Xiangzhen Zhou , Sanjiang Li

Running quantum programs is fraught with challenges on on today's noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Many of these challenges originate from the error characteristics that stem from rapid decoherence and noise during…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Ellis Wilson , Sudhakar Singh , Frank Mueller

Quantum computers are expected to be highly beneficial for chemistry simulations, promising significant improvements in accuracy and speed. The most prominent algorithm for chemistry simulations on NISQ devices is the Variational Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-27 Marita Oliv , Andrea Matic , Thomas Messerer , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

Characterisation protocols have so far played a central role in the development of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers capable of impressive quantum feats. This trajectory is expected to continue in building the next…

Quantum computing in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era presents significant challenges in differentiating quantum software bugs from hardware noise. Traditional debugging techniques from classical software engineering cannot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ahmik Virani , Devraj , Anirudh Suresh , Lei Zhang , M V Panduranga Rao

Quantum error correcting codes have been shown to have the ability of making quantum information resilient against noise. Here we show that we can use quantum error correcting codes as diagnostics to characterise noise. The experiment is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Laforest , D. Simon , J. -C. Boileau , J. Baugh , M. Ditty , R. Laflamme

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware has unavoidable noises, and crosstalk error is a significant error source. When multiple quantum operations are executed simultaneously, the quantum state can be corrupted due to the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Siyuan Niu , Aida Todri-Sanial

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices impose dual challenges on quantum circuit execution: limited qubit connectivity requires extensive SWAP-gate routing, while time-dependent decoherence progressively degrades quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Yifei Huang , Pascal Jahan Elahi , Ugo Varetto , Kan He , Jinchuan Hou , Shusen Liu

Parameterized Quantum Circuits (PQC) are promising towards quantum advantage on near-term quantum hardware. However, due to the large quantum noises (errors), the performance of PQC models has a severe degradation on real quantum devices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Hanrui Wang , Jiaqi Gu , Yongshan Ding , Zirui Li , Frederic T. Chong , David Z. Pan , Song Han

In this work, we present simulations of two Open Quantum System models, Collisional and Markovian Reservoir, with noise simulations, the IBM devices ($\textit{ibm_kyoto}$, $\textit{ibm_osaka}$) and the OQC device Lucy. Extending the results…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Mainak Roy , Jessica John Britto , Ryan Hill , Victor Onofre

Major obstacles remain to the implementation of macroscopic quantum computing: hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling; software problems of error correction; and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-17 Nathan Thompson , James Steck , Elizabeth Behrman

Using a dissipative quantum neural network (DQNN) accompanied by conjugate layers, we upgrade the performance of the existing quantum auto-encoder (QAE) network as a quantum denoiser of a noisy m-qubit GHZ state. Our new denoising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-20 Armin Ahmadkhaniha , Marzieh Bathaee
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