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Natural Language Processing (NLP) models based on Machine Learning (ML) are susceptible to adversarial attacks -- malicious algorithms that imperceptibly modify input text to force models into making incorrect predictions. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Salijona Dyrmishi , Salah Ghamizi , Maxime Cordy

With the development of high computational devices, deep neural networks (DNNs), in recent years, have gained significant popularity in many Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. However, previous efforts have shown that DNNs were…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Wei Emma Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Ahoud Alhazmi , Chenliang Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various tasks (e.g., image classification, speech recognition, and natural language processing (NLP)). However, researchers have demonstrated that DNN-based models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Wenqi Wang , Run Wang , Lina Wang , Zhibo Wang , Aoshuang Ye

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into healthcare applications offers promising advancements in medical diagnostics, treatment recommendations, and patient care. However, the susceptibility of LLMs to adversarial attacks poses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Yifan Yang , Qiao Jin , Furong Huang , Zhiyong Lu

In the past few years, it has become increasingly evident that deep neural networks are not resilient enough to withstand adversarial perturbations in input data, leaving them vulnerable to attack. Various authors have proposed strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Shreya Goyal , Sumanth Doddapaneni , Mitesh M. Khapra , Balaraman Ravindran

As the deployment of NLP systems in critical applications grows, ensuring the robustness of large language models (LLMs) against adversarial attacks becomes increasingly important. Large language models excel in various NLP tasks but remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Zhenning Yang , Ryan Krawec , Liang-Yuan Wu

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Leo Schwinn , David Dobre , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

As powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) are now widely used for numerous practical applications, their safety is of critical importance. While alignment techniques have significantly improved overall safety, LLMs remain vulnerable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Samuel Jacob Chacko , Sajib Biswas , Chashi Mahiul Islam , Fatema Tabassum Liza , Xiuwen Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a transformative leap in artificial intelligence, enabling the comprehension, generation, and nuanced interaction with human language on an unparalleled scale. However, LLMs are increasingly vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Nan Wang , Kane Walter , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

Adversarial attacks are a major challenge faced by current machine learning research. These purposely crafted inputs fool even the most advanced models, precluding their deployment in safety-critical applications. Extensive research in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Edoardo Mosca , Shreyash Agarwal , Javier Rando , Georg Groh

Misaligned research objectives have considerably hindered progress in adversarial robustness research over the past decade. For instance, an extensive focus on optimizing target metrics, while neglecting rigorous standardized evaluation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Leo Schwinn , Yan Scholten , Tom Wollschläger , Sophie Xhonneux , Stephen Casper , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

Adversarial attacks are a type of attack on machine learning models where an attacker deliberately modifies the inputs to cause the model to make incorrect predictions. Adversarial attacks can have serious consequences, particularly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Prathyusha Devabhakthini , Sasmita Parida , Raj Mani Shukla , Suvendu Chandan Nayak , Tapadhir Das

Large Language Models (LLMs) are central to a multitude of applications but struggle with significant risks, notably in generating harmful content and biases. Drawing an analogy to the human psyche's conflict between evolutionary survival…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Zi Yin , Wei Ding , Jia Liu

The progress of AI systems such as large language models (LLMs) raises increasingly pressing concerns about their safe deployment. This paper examines the value alignment problem for LLMs, arguing that current alignment strategies are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Raphaël Millière

Large Language Models (LLMs) are swiftly advancing in architecture and capability, and as they integrate more deeply into complex systems, the urgency to scrutinize their security properties grows. This paper surveys research in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Erfan Shayegani , Md Abdullah Al Mamun , Yu Fu , Pedram Zaree , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Machine learning classifiers are known to be vulnerable to inputs maliciously constructed by adversaries to force misclassification. Such adversarial examples have been extensively studied in the context of computer vision applications. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Sandy Huang , Nicolas Papernot , Ian Goodfellow , Yan Duan , Pieter Abbeel

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has sparked widespread and general interest due to their strong language generation capabilities, offering great potential for both industry and research. While previous research delved into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Lukas Struppek , Minh Hieu Le , Dominik Hintersdorf , Kristian Kersting

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language tasks, but their safety and morality remain contentious due to their training on internet text corpora. To address these concerns, alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

Recent work has demonstrated that deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples---inputs that are almost indistinguishable from natural data and yet classified incorrectly by the network. In fact, some of the latest findings…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-06 Aleksander Madry , Aleksandar Makelov , Ludwig Schmidt , Dimitris Tsipras , Adrian Vladu

Adversarial attacking aims to fool deep neural networks with adversarial examples. In the field of natural language processing, various textual adversarial attack models have been proposed, varying in the accessibility to the victim model.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Yuan Zang , Bairu Hou , Fanchao Qi , Zhiyuan Liu , Xiaojun Meng , Maosong Sun
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