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In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, hybrid analog-digital (AD) beamforming can be used to attain a high directional gain without requiring a dedicated radio frequency (RF) chain for each antenna element, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-15 S. Shi , Y. Cai , Q. Hu , B. Champagne , L. Hanzo

Fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, operating in higher frequency bands from 3 to 300 GHz, provide unprecedented bandwidth to enable ultra-high data rates and low-latency services. However, the use of millimeter-wave frequencies…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Miao Cao , Zicheng Liu , Bazargul Matkerim , Tongning Wu , Changyou Li , Yali Zong , Bo Qi

A hybrid physical and geometrical optics method is proposed to model the subsurface imaging using mmWave FMCW radar. Modeling of the wave propagation for subsurface imaging can improve the interpretation of acquired data and imaging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Kaito Ichijo , Hang Song , Xin Du , Bo Wei , Junichi Takada

Employing large antenna arrays is a key characteristic of millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz communication systems. However, due to the adoption of fully analog or hybrid analog/digital architectures, as well as non-ideal hardware or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-19 Yu Zhang , Muhammad Alrabeiah , Ahmed Alkhateeb

In this paper, we propose a beamforming design for dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) systems at the millimeter wave (mmWave) band, where hybrid beamforming and sub-arrayed MIMO radar techniques are jointly exploited. We assume that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-25 Fan Liu , Christos Masouros

Recently, metasurfaces have experienced revolutionary growth in the sensing and superresolution imaging field, due to their enabling of subwavelength manipulation of electromagnetic waves. However, the addition of metasurfaces multiplies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-08 Jin Zhao , Huang Zhao Zhang , Ming-Zhe Chong , Yue-Yi Zhang , Zi-Wen Zhang , Zong-Kun Zhang , Chao-Hai Du , Pu-Kun Liu

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications have been considered as a key technology for next generation cellular systems and Wi-Fi networks because of its advances in providing orders-of-magnitude wider bandwidth than current wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Zihuan Wang , Ming Li , Qian Liu , A. Lee Swindlehurst

Medical imaging plays a vital role in modern diagnostics; however, interpreting high-resolution radiological data remains time-consuming and susceptible to variability among clinicians. Traditional image processing techniques often lack the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Melika Filvantorkaman , Maral Filvan Torkaman

Increased density of wireless devices, ever growing demands for extremely high data rate, and spectrum scarcity at microwave bands make the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies an important player in future wireless networks. However,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Hossein Shokri-Ghadikolaei , Carlo Fischione , Petar Popovski , Michele Zorzi

Wavefront sensing and reconstruction are widely used for adaptive optics, aberration correction, and high-resolution optical phase imaging. Traditionally, interference and/or microlens arrays are used to convert the optical phase into…

This study presents the first comprehensive comparison of rule-based methods, traditional machine learning models, and deep learning models in radio wave sensing with frequency modulated continuous wave multiple input multiple output radar.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tomoya Tanaka , Tomonori Ikeda , Ryo Yonemoto

Beam alignment (BA) is to ensure the transmitter and receiver beams are accurately aligned to establish a reliable communication link in millimeter-wave (mmwave) systems. Existing BA methods search the entire beam space to identify the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-10 Wen Wu , Nan Cheng , Ning Zhang , Peng Yang , Weihua Zhuang , Xuemin , Shen

Future wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems will integrate both sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands to meet the growing demands for high data rates. MIMO link establishment typically requires accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-16 Faruk Pasic , Lukas Eller , Stefan Schwarz , Markus Rupp , Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker

Recent advancements in millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar have demonstrated its potential for human action recognition and pose estimation, offering privacy-preserving advantages over conventional cameras while maintaining occlusion robustness,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yizhe Lv , Tingting Zhang , Zhijian Wang , Yunpeng Song , Han Ding , Jinsong Han , Fei Wang

We propose super-resolution MIMO channel estimators for millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems that employ hybrid analog and digital beamforming and generalized spatial modulation, respectively. Exploiting the inherent sparsity of mmWave…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Hongyun Chu , Le Zheng , Xiaodong Wang

This paper investigates the hybrid precoding design for millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with finite-alphabet inputs. The precoding problem is a joint optimization of analog and digital precoders, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-27 Juening Jin , Yahong Rosa Zheng , Wen Chen , Chengshan Xiao

6G is the next generation for the communication systems. In recent years, machine learning algorithms have been applied widely in various fields such as health, transportation, and the autonomous car. The predictive algorithms will be used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Evren Catak , Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Arild Moldsvor

Robust and accurate trajectory estimation of mobile agents such as people and robots is a key requirement for providing spatial awareness for emerging capabilities such as augmented reality or autonomous interaction. Although currently…

This study presents the first comprehensive evaluation of spatial generalization techniques, which are essential for the practical deployment of deep learning-based radio-frequency (RF) sensing. Focusing on people counting in indoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tomoya Tanaka , Tomonori Ikeda , Ryo Yonemoto

A key concept underlying the specific functionalities of metasurfaces, i.e. arrays of subwavelength nanoparticles, is the use of constituent components to shape the wavefront of the light, on-demand. Metasurfaces are versatile and novel…