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In this paper, we initiate the study of the dynamic maintenance of $2$-edge-connectivity relationships in directed graphs. We present an algorithm that can update the $2$-edge-connected blocks of a directed graph with $n$ vertices through a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-26 Loukas Georgiadis , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Nikos Parotsidis

Dynamic connectivity is one of the most fundamental problems in dynamic graph algorithms. We present a randomized Las Vegas dynamic connectivity data structure with $O(\log n(\log\log n)^2)$ amortized expected update time and $O(\log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Shang-En Huang , Dawei Huang , Tsvi Kopelowitz , Seth Pettie , Mikkel Thorup

Temporal graphs represent interactions between entities over the time. These interactions may be direct (a contact between two nodes at some time instant), or indirect, through sequences of contacts called temporal paths (journeys).…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Luiz F. Afra Brito , Marcelo Albertini , Arnaud Casteigts , Bruno A. N. Travençolo

We maintain a $(1+\varepsilon)$-spanner over the disk intersection graph of a dynamic set of disks. We restrict all disks to have their diameter in $[4,\Psi]$ for some fixed and known $\Psi$. The resulting $(1+\varepsilon)$-spanner has size…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Sarita de Berg , Ivor van der Hoog , Eva Rotenberg , Johanne M. Vistisen , Sampson Wong

In this article, we determine the amortized computational complexity of the planar dynamic convex hull problem by querying. We present a data structure that maintains a set of n points in the plane under the insertion and deletion of points…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Riko Jacob , Gerth Stølting Brodal

Given a simple $n$-vertex, $m$-edge graph $G$ undergoing edge insertions and deletions, we give two new fully dynamic algorithms for exactly maintaining the edge connectivity of $G$ in $\tilde{O}(n)$ worst-case update time and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Gramoz Goranci , Monika Henzinger , Danupon Nanongkai , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Mikkel Thorup , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

We present new results on a number of fundamental problems about dynamic geometric data structures: 1. We describe the first fully dynamic data structures with sublinear amortized update time for maintaining (i) the number of vertices or…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-03-21 Timothy M. Chan

Real-world networks are prone to breakdowns. Typically in the underlying graph $G$, besides the insertion or deletion of edges, the set of active vertices changes overtime. A vertex might work actively, or it might fail, and gets isolated…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Ran Duan , Le Zhang

We present a framework for dynamically maintaining $k$-edge-connectivity of an undirected simple graph $G$ under edge insertions and deletions, where $k$ is a fixed constant. After an edge insertion, the algorithm identifies and removes a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Blazej Wrobel

We introduce a new dynamic data structure for maintaining the strongly connected components (SCCs) of a directed graph (digraph) under edge deletions, so as to answer a rich repertoire of connectivity queries. Our main technical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Loukas Georgiadis , Thomas Dueholm Hansen , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Sebastian Krinninger , Nikos Parotsidis

A geometric graph associated with a set of points $P= \{x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n \} \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ and a fixed kernel function $\mathsf{K}:\mathbb{R}^d\times \mathbb{R}^d\to\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0}$ is a complete graph on $P$ such that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yang Cao , Yichuan Deng , Wenyu Jin , Xiaoyu Li , Zhao Song , Xiaorui Sun , Omri Weinstein

We introduce a new family of priority-queue data structures: partition-based simple heaps. The structures consist of $O(\log n)$ doubly-linked lists; order is enforced among data in different lists, but the individual lists are unordered.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Gerth Stølting Brodal , John Iacono , Casper Moldrup Rysgaard , Sebastian Wild

We present efficient dynamic data structures for maintaining the union of unit discs and the lower envelope of pseudo-lines in the plane. More precisely, we present three main results in this paper: (i) We present a linear-size data…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Pankaj K. Agarwal , Ravid Cohen , Dan Halperin , Wolfgang Mulzer

A data structure is presented that explicitly maintains the graph of a Voronoi diagram of $N$ point sites in the plane or the dual graph of a convex hull of points in three dimensions while allowing insertions of new sites/points. Our…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Elena Arseneva , John Iacono , Grigorios Koumoutsos , Stefan Langerman , Boris Zolotov

We describe a new data structure for dynamic nearest neighbor queries in the plane with respect to a general family of distance functions. These include $L_p$-norms and additively weighted Euclidean distances. Our data structure supports…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Haim Kaplan , Wolfgang Mulzer , Liam Roditty , Paul Seiferth , Micha Sharir

We provide the first deterministic data structure that given a weighted undirected graph undergoing edge insertions, processes each update with polylogarithmic amortized update time and answers queries for the distance between any pair of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Sebastian Forster , Yasamin Nazari , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

In dynamic graphs, edges may be added or deleted in each synchronous round. Various connectivity models exist based on constraints on these changes. One well-known model is the $T$-Interval Connectivity model, where the graph remains…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Ashish Saxena , Kaushik Mondal

We study dynamic planar graphs with $n$ vertices, subject to edge deletion, edge contraction, edge insertion across a face, and the splitting of a vertex in specified corners. We dynamically maintain a combinatorial embedding of such a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Jacob Holm , Ivor van der Hoog , Eva Rotenberg

We present a deterministic fully-dynamic data structure for maintaining information about the cut-vertices in a graph; i.e. the vertices whose removal would disconnect the graph. Our data structure supports insertion and deletion of edges,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Jacob Holm , Wojciech Nadara , Eva Rotenberg , Marek Sokołowski

The vertex connectivity of a graph $G$ is the size of the smallest set of vertices $S$ such that $G \setminus S$ is disconnected. For the class of planar graphs, the problem of vertex connectivity is well-studied, both from structural and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Therese Biedl , Karthik Murali