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The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-16 KM3NeT Collaboration

We have studied the hadronic interaction for the calculation of the atmospheric neutrino flux by summarizing the accurately measured atmospheric muon flux data and comparing with simulations. We find the atmospheric muon and neutrino fluxes…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Sanuki , M. Honda , T. Kajita , K. Kasahara , S. Midorikawa

The IceCube detector allows for the first time a measurement of atmospheric muon and neutrino energy spectra from tens of GeV up to the PeV range. The lepton flux in the highest energy region depends on both the primary cosmic ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 P. Berghaus

The atmospheric neutrino-induced upward muon flux are calculated by using the multi-component primary energy spectrum, CORSIKA EAS simulation code for the reproduction of the atmospheric neutrino spectra and improved parton model for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. V. Ter-Antonyan , P. L. Biermann

Atmospheric neutrinos produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere are of interest for several reasons. As a beam for studies of neutrino oscillations they cover a range of parameter space hitherto unexplored by accelerator…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-05-12 T. K. Gaisser , M. Honda

IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the cubic kilometer detector embedded in ice of the geographic South Pole, is capable of detecting particles from several GeV up to PeV energies enabling precise neutrino spectrum measurement. The diffuse…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-28 Leonora Kardum

Neutrino telescopes are opening new opportunities in observational high energy astrophysics. In these detectors, atmospheric muons from primary cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere play an important role. They provide the most abundant…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-03 G. Carminati , M. Bazzotti , S. Biagi , S. Cecchini , T. Chiarusi , A. Margiotta , M. Sioli , M. Spurio

The energy spectrum of muons produced in air showers depends not only on the properties of the primary particle, but also on the atmosphere. This is because of the competition between decay and interaction of the parent mesons, which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-22 Stef Verpoest , Marisol Catalan Olais , Frank Schroeder

Characteristic patterns of cosmic neutrino spectrum reported by the IceCube collaboration and long-standing inconsistency between theory and experiment in muon anomalous magnetic moment are simultaneously explained by an extra leptonic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-02-17 Takeshi Araki , Fumihiro Kaneko , Toshihiko Ota , Joe Sato , Takashi Shimomura

Cosmic rays interacting with the Earth's atmosphere generate extensive air showers, which produce Cherenkov, fluorescence and radio emissions. These emissions are key signatures for detection by ground-based, sub-orbital, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-07 Diksha Garg , Laksha Pradip Das , Mary Hall Reno

The FLUKA calculation of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes have been cross-checked by comparing predictions on lepton fluxes in atmosphere to experimental data. The dependence of predicted neutrino fluxes on the shape and normalization of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 G. Battistoni , A. Ferrari , T. Montaruli , P. R. Sala

An accurate modeling of neutrino flux attenuation and the distribution of leptons they produce in transit through the Earth is an essential component to determine neutrino flux sensitivities of underground, sub-orbital and space-based…

The IceCube Neutrino Detector observes tens of thousands of atmospheric neutrinos every year with its low energy extension DeepCore, covering the neutrino energy range from GeV to TeV. These neutrinos can be used to study particle…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-25 Anatoli Fedynitch , Juan-Pablo Yáñez

Measurements of atmospheric neutrinos by Super-Kamiokande an other detectors have given evidence for the existence of neutrino oscillations with large mixing and $\Delta m^2$ in the range 10^{-3}-10^{-2} eV^2. In this work we discuss…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Giuseppe Battistoni , Paolo Lipari

We point out that the measurement of the $L/E$ distribution of atmospheric neutrino events with sufficient resolution in order to observe the characteristic modulations of neutrino oscillations would provide a unique way to test the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Mannocchi , L. Periale , P. Picchi , F. Pietropaolo , S. Ragazzi , A. Rubbia

Using the ``modified DPMJET-III'' model explained in the previous paper, we calculate the atmospheric neutrino flux. The calculation scheme is almost the same as HKKM04 \cite{HKKM2004}, but the usage of the ``virtual detector'' is improved…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Honda , T. Kajita , K. Kasahara , S. Midorikawa , T. Sanuki

The KM3NeT Collaboration has successfully deployed its first detection units in the Mediterranean Sea in December 2015 (ARCA) and September 2017 (ORCA). The sample of data collected between September 2016 and March 2017 has been used to…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2021-01-06 Piotr Kalaczyński , Rosa Coniglione

We present the calculation of the atmospheric neutrino fluxes for the neutrino experiments proposed at INO, South Pole and Pyh\"asalmi. Neutrino fluxes have been obtained using ATMNC, a simulation code for cosmic ray in the atmosphere. Even…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-11 M. Sajjad Athar , M. Honda , T. Kajita , K. Kasahara , S. Midorikawa

A new hybrid approach to air shower simulations is described. At highest energies, each particle is followed individually using the traditional Monte Carlo method; this initializes a system of cascade equations which are applicable for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Hans-Joachim Drescher , Glennys R. Farrar

The atmospheric muon flux is generated with CORSIKA 6.030 (using QGSJET high-energy interaction model) and fitted with the formula from Gaisser (1990). Spectra and mass distribution of primaries were taken according to the poli-gonato model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Dmitry Chirkin