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In recent years, there has been an explosion of research into developing more robust deep neural networks against adversarial examples. Adversarial training appears as one of the most successful methods. To deal with both the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Gaojie Jin , Xinping Yi , Dengyu Wu , Ronghui Mu , Xiaowei Huang

Transfer learning is often used to decrease the computational cost of model training, as fine-tuning a model allows a downstream task to leverage the features learned from the pre-training dataset and quickly adapt them to a new task. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Joshua C. Zhao , Saurabh Bagchi

Deep neural networks can be easily fooled into making incorrect predictions through corruption of the input by adversarial perturbations: human-imperceptible artificial noise. So far adversarial training has been the most successful defense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Lin Li , Michael Spratling

Upon the discovery of adversarial attacks, robust models have become obligatory for deep learning-based systems. Adversarial training with first-order attacks has been one of the most effective defenses against adversarial perturbations to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Inci M. Baytas , Debayan Deb

Adversarial Training (AT) with Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) is an effective approach for improving the robustness of the deep neural networks. However, PGD AT has been shown to suffer from two main limitations: i) high computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Ahmadreza Jeddi , Mohammad Javad Shafiee , Alexander Wong

Adversarial Training is proved to be an efficient method to defend against adversarial examples, being one of the few defenses that withstand strong attacks. However, traditional defense mechanisms assume a uniform attack over the examples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Huimin Zeng , Chen Zhu , Tom Goldstein , Furong Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in text summarization and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. However, these systems often inherit associative and framing biases from pre-training data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mukur Gupta , Nikhil Reddy Varimalla , Nicholas Deas , Melanie Subbiah , Kathleen McKeown

Adversarial training is one of the most effective approaches defending against adversarial examples for deep learning models. Unlike other defense strategies, adversarial training aims to promote the robustness of models intrinsically.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Tao Bai , Jinqi Luo , Jun Zhao , Bihan Wen , Qian Wang

Unsupervised domain adaptation addresses the problem of transferring knowledge from a well-labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain where the two domains have distinctive data distributions. Thus, the essence of domain adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Li Jingjing , Chen Erpeng , Ding Zhengming , Zhu Lei , Lu Ke , Shen Heng Tao

Decision Transformer (DT), as one of the representative Reinforcement Learning via Supervised Learning (RvS) methods, has achieved strong performance in offline learning tasks by leveraging the powerful Transformer architecture for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Xiaohang Tang , Afonso Marques , Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Ilija Bogunovic

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples and researchers have proposed many heuristic attack and defense mechanisms. We address this problem through the principled lens of distributionally robust optimization, which guarantees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-05-04 Aman Sinha , Hongseok Namkoong , Riccardo Volpi , John Duchi

While deep neural networks have achieved remarkable success in various computer vision tasks, they often fail to generalize to new domains and subtle variations of input images. Several defenses have been proposed to improve the robustness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Omid Poursaeed , Tianxing Jiang , Harry Yang , Serge Belongie , SerNam Lim

The vulnerability of deep neural network models to adversarial example attacks is a practical challenge in many artificial intelligence applications. A recent line of work shows that the use of randomization in adversarial training is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Jiahao Xie , Chao Zhang , Weijie Liu , Wensong Bai , Hui Qian

Reward modeling has emerged as a promising approach for the scalable alignment of language models. However, contemporary reward models (RMs) often lack robustness, awarding high rewards to low-quality, out-of-distribution (OOD) samples.…

Adversarial training is an effective defense method to protect classification models against adversarial attacks. However, one limitation of this approach is that it can require orders of magnitude additional training time due to high cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Haizhong Zheng , Ziqi Zhang , Juncheng Gu , Honglak Lee , Atul Prakash

Text style transfer (TST) without parallel data has achieved some practical success. However, most of the existing unsupervised text style transfer methods suffer from (i) requiring massive amounts of non-parallel data to guide transferring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Xiangyang Li , Xiang Long , Yu Xia , Sujian Li

Deep neural networks are easily fooled by small perturbations known as adversarial attacks. Adversarial Training (AT) is a technique that approximately solves a robust optimization problem to minimize the worst-case loss and is widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Theodoros Tsiligkaridis , Jay Roberts

Adversarial training is one of the most powerful methods to improve the robustness of pre-trained language models (PLMs). However, this approach is typically more expensive than traditional fine-tuning because of the necessity to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Zhiheng Xi , Rui Zheng , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Empirical risk minimization (ERM) is a cornerstone of modern machine learning (ML), supported by advances in optimization theory that ensure efficient solutions with provable algorithmic and statistical learning rates. Privacy, memory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Cheng Fang , Rishabh Dixit , Waheed U. Bajwa , Mert Gurbuzbalaban

We introduce a new class of optimal-transport-regularized divergences, $D^c$, constructed via an infimal convolution between an information divergence, $D$, and an optimal-transport (OT) cost, $C$, and study their use in distributionally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Jeremiah Birrell , Reza Ebrahimi