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Locality-preserving logical operators in topological codes are naturally fault-tolerant, since they preserve the correctability of local errors. Using a correspondence between such operators and gapped domain walls, we describe a procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-26 Paul Webster , Stephen D. Bartlett

Recently Haah introduced a new quantum error correcting code embedded on a cubic lattice. One of the defining properties of this code is the absence of string logical operator. We present new codes with similar properties by relaxing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-02 Isaac H. Kim

We suggest concrete models for self-correcting quantum memory by reporting examples of local stabilizer codes in 3D that have no string logical operators. Previously known local stabilizer codes in 3D all have string-like logical operators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-25 Jeongwan Haah

We show that the low-energy states of non-Abelian topological orders possess extensive magic which is long-ranged, and cannot be eliminated by a constant-depth local unitary circuit. This refines conventional notions of complexity beyond…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Yuzhen Zhang , Isaac H. Kim , Yimu Bao , Sagar Vijay

Entanglement and magic are fundamental resources that capture the complexity of quantum many-body systems. Non-local magic isolates the irreducible nonstabilizerness intrinsically tied to entanglement. However, evaluating this quantity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Daniele Iannotti , Beatrice Magni , Riccardo Cioli , Alioscia Hamma , Xhek Turkeshi

It is an oft-cited fact that no quantum code can support a set of fault-tolerant logical gates that is both universal and transversal. This no-go theorem is generally responsible for the interest in alternative universality constructions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-20 Theodore J. Yoder , Ryuji Takagi , Isaac L. Chuang

Universal quantum computation requires the implementation of a logical non-Clifford gate. In this paper, we characterize all stabilizer codes whose code subspaces are preserved under physical $T$ and $T^{-1}$ gates. For example, this could…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Robert Calderbank , Michael Newman , Henry D. Pfister

We first present a useful characterization of additive (stabilizer) quantum error-correcting codes. Then we present several examples of We first present a useful characterization of additive (stabilizer) quantum error--correcting codes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vwani P. Roychowdhury , Farrokh Vatan

We conjecture analytic expressions for the non-local magic of bipartite pure qudit states of prime local dimension. Our construction relies on the Schmidt-aligned state attaining the minimum over local unitaries, a hypothesis that we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Giorgio Busoni , John Gargalionis , Ewan N. V. Wallace , Martin J. White

Quantum state discrimination plays a central role in defining the possible and impossible operations through a restricted class of quantum operations. A seminal result by Bennett et al. [Phys. Rev. A 59, 1070 (1999)] demonstrates the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Hyukjoon Kwon

A fundamental problem in fault-tolerant quantum computation is the tradeoff between universality and dimensionality, exemplified by the the Bravyi-K\"onig bound for $n$-dimensional topological stabilizer codes. In this work, we extend…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Ryohei Kobayashi , Guanyu Zhu , Po-Shen Hsin

Stabilizer codes are a simple and successful class of quantum error-correcting codes. Yet this success comes in spite of some harsh limitations on the ability of these codes to fault-tolerantly compute. Here we introduce a new metric for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-30 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Aleksander Kubica , Theodore J. Yoder

Non-Clifford gates are frequently exclusively implemented on fault-tolerant architectures by first distilling magic states in specialised magic-state factories. In the rest of the architecture, the computational space, magic states can then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Eddie Schoute

The quantum logic gates used in the design of a quantum computer should be both universal, meaning arbitrary quantum computations can be performed, and fault-tolerant, meaning the gates keep errors from cascading out of control. A number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Paul Webster , Michael Vasmer , Thomas R. Scruby , Stephen D. Bartlett

In fault-tolerant quantum computing with the surface code, non-Clifford gates are crucial for universal computation. However, implementing these gates using methods like magic state distillation and code switching requires significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Sheng-Jie Huang , Yanzhu Chen

A quantum error correcting code protects encoded logical information against errors. Transversal gates are a naturally fault-tolerant way to manipulate logical qubits but cannot be universal themselves. Protocols such as magic state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Eric Huang , Pierre-Gabriel Rozon , Arpit Dua , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Michael J. Gullans

Traditional stabilizer codes operate over prime power local-dimensions. In this work we extend the stabilizer formalism using the local-dimension-invariant setting to import stabilizer codes from these standard local-dimensions to other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 Lane G. Gunderman

Recently, Bravyi and K\"onig have shown that there is a tradeoff between fault-tolerantly implementable logical gates and geometric locality of stabilizer codes. They consider locality-preserving operations which are implemented by a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-14 Fernando Pastawski , Beni Yoshida

Quantum error-correcting codes aim to protect information in quantum systems to enable fault-tolerant quantum computations. The most prevalent method, stabilizer codes, has been well developed for many varieties of systems, however, largely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Lane G. Gunderman

Quantum error correction represents a significant milestone in large-scale quantum computing, with the surface code being a prominent strategy due to its high error threshold and experimental feasibility. However, it is challenging to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Zhi-Cheng He , Zheng-Yuan Xue
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