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In medical time series disease diagnosis, two key challenges are identified. First, the high annotation cost of medical data leads to overfitting in models trained on label-limited, single-center datasets. To address this, we propose…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yifan Wang , Hongfeng Ai , Ruiqi Li , Maowei Jiang , Ruiyuan Kang , Jiahua Dong , Cheng Jiang , Chenzhong Li

Reward models (RMs) are a crucial component in the alignment of large language models' (LLMs) outputs with human values. RMs approximate human preferences over possible LLM responses to the same prompt by predicting and comparing reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Junqi Jiang , Tom Bewley , Saumitra Mishra , Freddy Lecue , Manuela Veloso

In reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF), reward models can efficiently learn and amplify latent biases within multimodal datasets, which can lead to imperfect policy optimization through flawed reward signals and decreased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Sheryl Mathew , N Harshit

Selecting an appropriate response from many candidates given the utterances in a multi-turn dialogue is the key problem for a retrieval-based dialogue system. Existing work formalizes the task as matching between the utterances and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Wentao Zhang , Shuang Xu , Haoran Huang

Universal Multimodal embedding models built on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have traditionally employed contrastive learning, which aligns representations of query-target pairs across different modalities. Yet, despite its…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Geonmo Gu , Byeongho Heo , Jaemyung Yu , Jaehui Hwang , Taekyung Kim , Sangmin Lee , HeeJae Jun , Yoohoon Kang , Sangdoo Yun , Dongyoon Han

Multi-label classification, which involves assigning multiple labels to a single input, has emerged as a key area in both research and industry due to its wide-ranging applications. Designing effective loss functions is crucial for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Alexandre Audibert , Aurélien Gauffre , Massih-Reza Amini

In the user growth scenario, Internet companies invest heavily in paid acquisition channels to acquire new users. But sustainable growth depends on acquired users' generating lifetime value (LTV) exceeding customer acquisition cost (CAC).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yibing Wan , Zhengxiong Guan , Chaoli Zhang , Xiaoyang Li , Lai Xu , Beibei Jia , Zhenzhe Zheng , Fan Wu

With the advent of large-scale multimodal video datasets, especially sequences with audio or transcribed speech, there has been a growing interest in self-supervised learning of video representations. Most prior work formulates the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Bruno Korbar , Fabio Petroni , Rohit Girdhar , Lorenzo Torresani

We introduce LAVITI, a novel approach to learning language, video, and temporal representations in long-form videos via contrastive learning. Different from pre-training on video-text pairs like EgoVLP, LAVITI aims to align language, video,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Hengyue Liu , Kyle Min , Hector A. Valdez , Subarna Tripathi

We study the task of extending the large language model (LLM) into a vision-language instruction-following model. This task is crucial but challenging since the LLM is trained on text modality only, making it hard to effectively digest the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Lizhao Liu , Xinyu Sun , Tianhang Xiang , Zhuangwei Zhuang , Liuren Yin , Mingkui Tan

We propose a novel biologically-plausible solution to the credit assignment problem motivated by observations in the ventral visual pathway and trained deep neural networks. In both, representations of objects in the same category become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Shanshan Qin , Nayantara Mudur , Cengiz Pehlevan

Contrastive learning is a cornerstone underlying recent progress in multi-view and multimodal learning, e.g., in representation learning with image/caption pairs. While its effectiveness is not yet fully understood, a line of recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Imant Daunhawer , Alice Bizeul , Emanuele Palumbo , Alexander Marx , Julia E. Vogt

We consider the problem of estimating a regression function in the common situation where the number of features is small, where interpretability of the model is a high priority, and where simple linear or additive models fail to provide…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-08 Wesley Tansey , Jesse Thomason , James G. Scott

The superior performance of some of today's state-of-the-art deep learning models is to some extent owed to extensive (self-)supervised contrastive pretraining on large-scale datasets. In contrastive learning, the network is presented with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Shervin Ardeshir , Navid Azizan

Aiming at answering questions based on the content of remotely sensed images, visual question answering for remote sensing data (RSVQA) has attracted much attention nowadays. However, previous works in RSVQA have focused little on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zhenghang Yuan , Lichao Mou , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Multi-scenario ad ranking aims at leveraging the data from multiple domains or channels for training a unified ranking model to improve the performance at each individual scenario. Although the research on this task has made important…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Shanlei Mu , Penghui Wei , Wayne Xin Zhao , Shaoguo Liu , Liang Wang , Bo Zheng

Models for Visual Question Answering (VQA) often rely on the spurious correlations, i.e., the language priors, that appear in the biased samples of training set, which make them brittle against the out-of-distribution (OOD) test data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Qingyi Si , Yuanxin Liu , Fandong Meng , Zheng Lin , Peng Fu , Yanan Cao , Weiping Wang , Jie Zhou

The lack of labeled data is a key challenge for learning useful representation from time series data. However, an unsupervised representation framework that is capable of producing high quality representations could be of great value. It is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-18 Kristoffer Wickstrøm , Michael Kampffmeyer , Karl Øyvind Mikalsen , Robert Jenssen

Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning has proven effective in deriving high-quality representations from unlabeled data. However, a major challenge that hinders both unimodal and multimodal contrastive learning is feature suppression, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jihai Zhang , Xiang Lan , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng , Mengling Feng , Bryan Hooi

Time series forecasting is critical across various domains, such as weather, finance and real estate forecasting, as accurate forecasts support informed decision-making and risk mitigation. While recent deep learning models have improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jianfei Wu , Wenmian Yang , Bingning Liu , Weijia Jia