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We study Label Smoothing (LS), a widely used regularization technique, in the context of neural learning to rank (L2R) models. LS combines the ground-truth labels with a uniform distribution, encouraging the model to be less confident in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Gustavo Penha , Claudia Hauff

The availability of labelled data is one of the main limitations in machine learning. We can alleviate this using weak supervision: a framework that uses expert-defined rules $\boldsymbol{\lambda}$ to estimate probabilistic labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Samantha Biegel , Rafah El-Khatib , Luiz Otavio Vilas Boas Oliveira , Max Baak , Nanne Aben

Segmenting text into semantically coherent segments is an important task with applications in information retrieval and text summarization. Developing accurate topical segmentation requires the availability of training data with ground…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Saurav Manchanda , George Karypis

Weakly-supervised object detection attempts to limit the amount of supervision by dispensing the need for bounding boxes, but still assumes image-level labels on the entire training set. In this work, we study the problem of training an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Zhaohui Yang , Miaojing Shi , Chao Xu , Vittorio Ferrari , Yannis Avrithis

Graph-based semi-supervised learning has proven to be an effective approach for query-focused multi-document summarization. The problem of previous semi-supervised learning is that sentences are ranked without considering the higher level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-01-03 Jiwei Li , Sujian Li

Frame-by-frame annotation of bounding boxes by clinical experts is often required to train fully supervised object detection models on medical video data. We propose a method for improving object detection in medical videos through weak…

In this work, we present a weakly supervised sentence extraction technique for identifying important sentences in scientific papers that are worthy of inclusion in the abstract. We propose a new attention based deep learning architecture…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Parth Mehta , Gaurav Arora , Prasenjit Majumder

In scenarios where training data is limited due to observation costs or data scarcity, enriching the label information associated with each instance becomes crucial for building high-accuracy classification models. In such contexts, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kosuke Sugiyama , Masato Uchida

Translating renderings (e. g. PDFs, scans) into hierarchical document structures is extensively demanded in the daily routines of many real-world applications. However, a holistic, principled approach to inferring the complete hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Johannes Rausch , Octavio Martinez , Fabian Bissig , Ce Zhang , Stefan Feuerriegel

We propose techniques to incorporate coarse taxonomic labels to train image classifiers in fine-grained domains. Such labels can often be obtained with a smaller effort for fine-grained domains such as the natural world where categories are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Jong-Chyi Su , Subhransu Maji

Automatic medical image segmentation is a fundamental step in computer-aided diagnosis, yet fully supervised approaches demand extensive pixel-level annotations that are costly and time-consuming. To alleviate this burden, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Lei Shi , Gang Li , Junxing Zhang

Deep-learning-based automated segmentation of vascular structures in preoperative CT scans contributes to computer-assisted diagnosis and intervention procedure in vascular diseases. While CT angiography (CTA) is the common standard,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-31 Qixiang Ma , Antoine Łucas , Huazhong Shu , Adrien Kaladji , Pascal Haigron

In recent years, fake news detection has received increasing attention in public debate and scientific research. Despite advances in detection techniques, the production and spread of false information have become more sophisticated, driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Pietro Dell'Oglio , Alessandro Bondielli , Francesco Marcelloni , Lucia C. Passaro

Despite the impressive improvements achieved by unsupervised deep neural networks in computer vision and NLP tasks, such improvements have not yet been observed in ranking for information retrieval. The reason may be the complexity of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-05-30 Mostafa Dehghani , Hamed Zamani , Aliaksei Severyn , Jaap Kamps , W. Bruce Croft

Obtaining object response maps is one important step to achieve weakly-supervised semantic segmentation using image-level labels. However, existing methods rely on the classification task, which could result in a response map only attending…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Yu-Ting Chang , Qiaosong Wang , Wei-Chih Hung , Robinson Piramuthu , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Neural network approaches have recently shown to be effective in several information retrieval (IR) tasks. However, neural approaches often require large volumes of training data to perform effectively, which is not always available. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Hamed Zamani , W. Bruce Croft

Audio Event Detection is an important task for content analysis of multimedia data. Most of the current works on detection of audio events is driven through supervised learning approaches. We propose a weakly supervised learning framework…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Anurag Kumar , Bhiksha Raj

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) has gained significant popularity since it relies only on weak labels such as image level annotations rather than pixel level annotations required by supervised semantic segmentation (SSS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Kunhao Yuan , Gerald Schaefer , Yu-Kun Lai , Yifan Wang , Xiyao Liu , Lin Guan , Hui Fang

Text classification is a crucial and fundamental task in web content mining. Compared with the previous learning paradigm of pre-training and fine-tuning by cross entropy loss, the recently proposed supervised contrastive learning approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Mengyu Li , Yonghao Liu , Fausto Giunchiglia , Ximing Li , Xiaoyue Feng , Renchu Guan

We motivate weakly supervised learning as an effective learning paradigm for problems where curating perfectly annotated datasets is expensive and may require domain expertise such as fine-grained classification. We focus on Partial Label…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Darshana Saravanan , Naresh Manwani , Vineet Gandhi