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As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making systems, understanding their behavioural vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge for AI safety and alignment. While existing evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Lili Zhang , Haomiaomiao Wang , Long Cheng , Libao Deng , Tomas Ward

In the fast-evolving domain of artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 and GPT-4 are revolutionizing the landscapes of finance, healthcare, and law: domains characterized by their reliance on professional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Zhiyu Zoey Chen , Jing Ma , Xinlu Zhang , Nan Hao , An Yan , Armineh Nourbakhsh , Xianjun Yang , Julian McAuley , Linda Petzold , William Yang Wang

This study compares the efficacy of GPT-4 and clinalytix Medical AI in predicting the clinical risk of delirium development. Findings indicate that GPT-4 exhibited significant deficiencies in identifying positive cases and struggled to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Mohamed Rezk , Patricia Cabanillas Silva , Fried-Michael Dahlweid

Cutting-edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques keep reshaping our view of the world. For example, Large Language Models (LLMs) based applications such as ChatGPT have shown the capability of generating human-like conversation on…

Large language models (LLMs) and dialogue agents represent a significant shift in artificial intelligence (AI) research, particularly with the recent release of the GPT family of models. ChatGPT's generative capabilities and versatility…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Skyler Wang , Ned Cooper , Margaret Eby

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Artificial Intelligence (AI) services due to their exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human-like text. LLM chatbots, in particular, have seen widespread adoption,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Yuekang Li , Kailong Wang , Ying Zhang , Zefeng Li , Haoyu Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

The majority of software developers use or are planning to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in their development processes. Their top reasons include improving productivity and faster learning. In fact, Large Language Model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Srivathsan G Morkonda , Mahmoud Selim , Hala Assal

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have presented new opportunities for integrating Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) into biological research and education. This study evaluated the capabilities of leading LLMs, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Xinyu Gong , Jason Holmes , Yiwei Li , Zhengliang Liu , Qi Gan , Zihao Wu , Jianli Zhang , Yusong Zou , Yuxi Teng , Tian Jiang , Hongtu Zhu , Wei Liu , Tianming Liu , Yajun Yan

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved in recent years, showcasing remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, these advancements also raise critical ethical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Yehor Tereshchenko , Mika Hämäläinen

Large language models (LLMs) are currently at the forefront of intertwining artificial intelligence (AI) systems with human communication and everyday life. Thus, aligning them with human values is of great importance. However, given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Thilo Hagendorff

AI safety training and red-teaming of large language models (LLMs) are measures to mitigate the generation of unsafe content. Our work exposes the inherent cross-lingual vulnerability of these safety mechanisms, resulting from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Zheng-Xin Yong , Cristina Menghini , Stephen H. Bach

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT can generate and revise text with human-level performance. These models come with clear limitations: they can produce inaccurate information, reinforce existing biases, and be easily misused. Yet,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Dmitry Kobak , Rita González-Márquez , Emőke-Ágnes Horvát , Jan Lause

Socially assistive robots (SARs) have shown great success in providing personalized cognitive-affective support for user populations with special needs such as older adults, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and individuals with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zhonghao Shi , Ellen Landrum , Amy O' Connell , Mina Kian , Leticia Pinto-Alva , Kaleen Shrestha , Xiaoyuan Zhu , Maja J Matarić

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to control robotic systems such as drones, but their risks of causing physical threats and harm in real-world applications remain unexplored. Our study addresses the critical gap in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yung-Chen Tang , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho

This paper studies the integration off Large Language Models into cybersecurity tools and protocols. The main issue discussed in this paper is how traditional rule-based and signature based security systems are not enough to deal with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Raunak Somani , Aswani Kumar Cherukuri

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including content generation, human-computer interaction, machine translation, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Songyang Liu , Chaozhuo Li , Jiameng Qiu , Xi Zhang , Feiran Huang , Litian Zhang , Yiming Hei , Philip S. Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown significant potential to change how we write, communicate, and create, leading to rapid adoption across society. This dissertation examines how individuals and institutions are adapting to and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Weixin Liang

Current large language models (LLMs) excel in verifiable domains where outputs can be checked before action but prove less reliable for high-stakes strategic decisions with uncertain outcomes. This gap, driven by mutually reinforcing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Alejandro R. Jadad

Large language model-powered chatbots have transformed how people seek information, especially in high-stakes contexts like mental health. Despite their support capabilities, safe detection and response to crises such as suicidal ideation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Adrian Arnaiz-Rodriguez , Miguel Baidal , Erik Derner , Jenn Layton Annable , Mark Ball , Mark Ince , Elvira Perez Vallejos , Nuria Oliver
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