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Numerical reasoning is vital for natural language processing models to understand and process numerical information in real-world scenarios. Most current methods first generate the Intermediate Meaning Representations (IMRs) of questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Dingzirui Wang , Longxu Dou , Wenbin Zhang , Junyu Zeng , Wanxiang Che

Word problem Solving is a challenging NLP task that deals with solving mathematical problems described in natural language. Recently, there has been renewed interest in developing word problem solvers for Indian languages. As part of this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Harshita Sharma , Pruthwik Mishra , Dipti Misra Sharma

Constructing accurate and automatic solvers of math word problems has proven to be quite challenging. Prior attempts using machine learning have been trained on corpora specific to math word problems to produce arithmetic expressions in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Kaden Griffith , Jugal Kalita

Large language models (LLMs) still grapple with complex tasks like mathematical reasoning. Despite significant efforts invested in improving prefix prompts or reasoning process, the crucial role of problem context might have been neglected.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Haoran Liao , Jidong Tian , Shaohua Hu , Hao He , Yaohui Jin

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have led to strong reasoning ability across a wide range of tasks. However, their ability to perform mathematical reasoning from spoken input remains underexplored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Chengwei Wei , Bin Wang , Jung-jae Kim , Nancy F. Chen

Mathematical text is written using a combination of words and mathematical expressions. This combination, along with a specific way of structuring sentences makes it challenging for state-of-art NLP tools to understand and reason on top of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Deborah Ferreira , Andre Freitas

Addressing the challenge of high annotation costs in solving Math Word Problems (MWPs) through full supervision with intermediate equations, recent works have proposed weakly supervised task settings that rely solely on the final answer as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Qingwen Lin , Boyan Xu , Zhengting Huang , Ruichu Cai

Previous math word problem solvers following the encoder-decoder paradigm fail to explicitly incorporate essential math symbolic constraints, leading to unexplainable and unreasonable predictions. Herein, we propose Neural-Symbolic Solver…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Jinghui Qin , Xiaodan Liang , Yining Hong , Jianheng Tang , Liang Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at various tasks, including solving math word problems (MWPs), but struggle with real-world problems containing irrelevant information. To address this, we propose a prompting framework that generates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Ujjwala Anantheswaran , Himanshu Gupta , Kevin Scaria , Shreyas Verma , Chitta Baral , Swaroop Mishra

Sentence embedding is an important research topic in natural language processing (NLP) since it can transfer knowledge to downstream tasks. Meanwhile, a contextualized word representation, called BERT, achieves the state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Bin Wang , C. -C. Jay Kuo

We describe a new framework for distilling information from word lattices to improve the accuracy of speech recognition and obtain a more perspicuous representation of a set of alternative hypotheses. In the standard MAP decoding approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-28 L. Mangu , E. Brill , A. Stolcke

While forward reasoning (i.e., find the answer given the question) has been explored extensively in recent literature, backward reasoning is relatively unexplored. We examine the backward reasoning capabilities of LLMs on Math Word Problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Aniruddha Deb , Neeva Oza , Sarthak Singla , Dinesh Khandelwal , Dinesh Garg , Parag Singla

Mathematical word problems (MWPs) involve the task of converting textual descriptions into mathematical equations. This poses a significant challenge in natural language processing, particularly for low-resource languages such as Bengali.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jalisha Jashim Era , Bidyarthi Paul , Tahmid Sattar Aothoi , Mirazur Rahman Zim , Faisal Muhammad Shah

Math word problem solver requires both precise relation reasoning about quantities in the text and reliable generation for the diverse equation. Current sequence-to-tree or relation extraction methods regard this only from a fixed view,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Yanna Ma , Xiaoxia Cheng , Zeqi Tan , Qingpeng Nong , Weiming Lu

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of language models (LMs) remains a key challenge, especially for tasks that require complex, multi-step decision-making where existing Chain-of-Thought (CoT) approaches struggle with consistency and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Siheng Xiong , Ali Payani , Yuan Yang , Faramarz Fekri

High-quality distractors are crucial to both the assessment and pedagogical value of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), where manually crafting ones that anticipate knowledge deficiencies or misconceptions among real students is difficult.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nigel Fernandez , Alexander Scarlatos , Wanyong Feng , Simon Woodhead , Andrew Lan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in solving text-based mathematical problems, but they struggle with mathematical diagrams since they are primarily trained on natural scene images. For humans, visual aids generally enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Wenwen Zhuang , Xin Huang , Xiantao Zhang , Jin Zeng

We focus on a type of linguistic formal reasoning where the goal is to reason over explicit knowledge in the form of natural language facts and rules (Clark et al., 2020). A recent work, named PRover (Saha et al., 2020), performs such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Swarnadeep Saha , Prateek Yadav , Mohit Bansal

While computer and communication technologies have provided effective means to scale up many aspects of education, the submission and grading of assessments such as homework assignments and tests remains a weak link. In this paper, we study…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-01-20 Andrew S. Lan , Divyanshu Vats , Andrew E. Waters , Richard G. Baraniuk

Solving math story problems is a complex task for students and NLP models alike, requiring them to understand the world as described in the story and reason over it to compute an answer. Recent years have seen impressive performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Andreas Opedal , Niklas Stoehr , Abulhair Saparov , Mrinmaya Sachan
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