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High-quality annotated datasets are crucial for advancing machine learning in medical image analysis. However, a critical gap exists: most datasets either offer a single, clean ground truth, which hides real-world expert disagreement, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yonghao Si , Xingyuan Zeng , Zhao Chen , Libin Zheng , Caleb Chen Cao , Lei Chen , Jian Yin

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and registers the highest number of deaths for women with cancer. Recent advancements in diagnostic activities combined with large-scale screening policies have significantly lowered the…

We present a foundation modeling framework that leverages deep learning to uncover latent genetic signatures across the hematopoietic hierarchy. Our approach trains a fully connected autoencoder on multipotent progenitor cells, reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Gabriel Bo , Justin Gu , Christopher Sun

Breast cancer (BC) stands as one of the most common malignancies affecting women worldwide, necessitating advancements in diagnostic methodologies for better clinical outcomes. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Samita Bai , Sidra Nasir , Rizwan Ahmed Khan , Alexandre Meyer , Hubert Konik

Understanding disease relationships through blood biomarkers offers a pathway toward data-driven taxonomy and precision medicine. In this study, we constructed a digital blood twin, a computational model derived from 103 disease signatures…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-05 Bolin Liu , Abicumaran Uthamacumaran , Alexander Fulton , Hector Zenil

Semantic segmentation of medical images aims to associate a pixel with a label in a medical image without human initialization. The success of semantic segmentation algorithms is contingent on the availability of high-quality imaging data…

Gleason grading specified in ISUP 2014 is the clinical standard in staging prostate cancer and the most important part of the treatment decision. However, the grading is subjective and suffers from high intra and inter-user variability. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Nikolay Burlutskiy , Nicolas Pinchaud , Feng Gu , Daniel Hägg , Mats Andersson , Lars Björk , Kristian Eurén , Cristina Svensson , Lena Kajland Wilén , Martin Hedlund

Understanding sickle cell dynamics requires accurate identification of morphological transitions under diverse biophysical conditions, particularly in densely packed and overlapping cell populations. Here, we present an automated deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Nikhil Kadivar , Guansheng Li , Jianlu Zheng , Ming Dao , George Em Karniadakis , Mengjia Xu

Early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) significantly contributes to reducing the mortality rate worldwide. The detection of different factors and biomarkers such as Estrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone receptor (PR), Human epidermal growth…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Abdul Rehman , Sarfaraz Hussein , Waqas Sultani

Two major causes of death in the United States and worldwide are stroke and myocardial infarction. The underlying cause of both is thrombi released from ruptured or eroded unstable atherosclerotic plaques that occlude vessels in the heart…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Nazanin Moradinasab , Yash Sharma , Laura S. Shankman , Gary K. Owens , Donald E. Brown

Automated semantic segmentation of whole-slide images (WSIs) stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) is essential for large-scale artificial intelligence-based biomarker analysis in breast cancer. However, existing public datasets for…

Parasitic infections remain a pressing global health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings where diagnosis still depends on labor-intensive manual inspection of blood smears and the availability of expert domain knowledge. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Aqsa Yousaf , Sint Sint Win , Megan Coffee , Habeeb Olufowobi

This research paper focuses on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), a form of blood cancer prevalent in children and teenagers, characterized by the rapid proliferation of immature white blood cells (WBCs). These atypical cells can overwhelm…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Wahidul Hasan Abir , Md. Fahim Uddin , Faria Rahman Khanam , Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Image Data Commons (IDC) offers publicly available cancer radiology collections for cloud computing, crucial for developing advanced imaging tools and algorithms. Despite their potential, these…

Determination of fundamental mechanisms of disease often hinges on histopathology visualization and quantitative image analysis. Currently, the analysis of multi-channel fluorescence tissue images is primarily achieved by manual…

Automated chromosome instance segmentation from metaphase cell microscopic images is critical for the diagnosis of chromosomal disorders (i.e., karyotype analysis). However, it is still a challenging task due to lacking of densely annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Dan You , Pengcheng Xia , Qiuzhu Chen , Minghui Wu , Suncheng Xiang , Jun Wang

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that has been the focus of research in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) and disease monitoring. In clinical settings, conventional radiography (CR) is widely used for the screening and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-15 Songxiao Yang , Haolin Wang , Yao Fu , Ye Tian , Tamotsu Kamishima , Masayuki Ikebe , Yafei Ou , Masatoshi Okutomi

Image annotation is one essential prior step to enable data-driven algorithms. In medical imaging, having large and reliably annotated data sets is crucial to recognize various diseases robustly. However, annotator performance varies…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-23 Sonja Kunzmann , Mathias Öttl , Prathmesh Madhu , Felix Denzinger , Andreas Maier