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Transport of material across liquid interfaces is ubiquitous for living cells and is also a crucial step in drug delivery and in many industrial processes. The fluids that are present on either side of the interfaces will usually have…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-05-24 Chao Feng , John J. Molina , Matthew S. Turner , Ryoichi Yamamoto

Microswimmers in nature often experience spatial gradients of viscosity. In this work we develop theoretical results for the dynamics of active particles, biological or otherwise, swimming through viscosity gradients. We model the active…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-16 Charu Datt , Gwynn J. Elfring

A minimal design for a molecular swimmer is proposed that is a based on a mechanochemical propulsion mechanism. Conformational changes are induced by electrostatic actuation when specific parts of the molecule temporarily acquire net…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Ramin Golestanian

Locomotion is typically studied either in continuous media where bodies and legs experience forces generated by the flowing medium, or on solid substrates dominated by friction. In the former, centralized coordination is believed to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Baxi Chong , Juntao He , Shengkai Li , Eva Erickson , Kelimar Diaz , Tianyu Wang , Daniel Soto , Daniel I. Goldman

In a fluid environment, flagellated microswimmers propel themselves by rotating their flagella. The morphology of these flagella significantly influences forward speed, swimming efficiency, and directional stability, which are critical for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-25 Baopi Liu , Lu Chen , Wenjun Xu

Self-propelled phoretic colloids have recently emerged as a promising avenue for the design of artificial swimmers. These swimmers combine purely phoretic interactions with intricate hydrodynamics which critically depend on the swimmer…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-01-17 Martin Wagner , Marisol Ripoll

It has long been known that some microswimmers seem to swim counter-intuitively faster when the viscosity of the surrounding fluid is increased, whereas others slow down. This conflicting dependence of the swimming velocity on the viscosity…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-11-08 Jayant Pande , Laura Merchant , Timm Krüger , Jens Harting , Ana-Sunčana Smith

Coordinated movement and self-organisation of active self-driven agents is common in nature and is seen across different scales, from herds of animals to collective motion in bacteria. Often, these systems are heterogeneous in composition,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-04-28 Balagopal Nair , Arshed Nabeel , Danny Raj M

Motivated by recent experiments, we consider the hydrodynamic capture of a microswimmer near a stationary spherical obstacle. Simulations of model equations show that a swimmer approaching a small spherical colloid is simply scattered. In…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-12 Saverio E. Spagnolie , Gregorio R. Moreno-Flores , Denis Bartolo , Eric Lauga

We study the properties of arbitrary micro-swimmers towing a passive load through a viscous liquid. The simple close-form expression for the dragging efficiency of a general micro-swimmer dragging a distant load is found, and the leading…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-13 Oren Raz , Alexander M. Leshansky

We consider a model of two competing microswimming agents engaged in a pursue-evasion task within a low-Reynolds-number environment. Agents can only perform simple maneuvers and sense hydrodynamic disturbances, which provide ambiguous…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-04 Francesco Borra , Luca Biferale , Massimo Cencini , Antonio Celani

Finding the fastest path to a desired destination is a vitally important task for microorganisms moving in a fluid flow. We study this problem by building an analytical formalism for overdamped microswimmers on curved manifolds and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-05-26 Lorenzo Piro , Evelyn Tang , Ramin Golestanian

Many biological microswimmers can modulate their swimming gait to achieve directional control of motility, especially when performing steering towards specific directional cues. This can be achieved without the need for obvious…

Biological and synthetic microswimmers display a wide range of swimming trajectories depending on driving forces and torques. In this paper we consider a simple overdamped model of self-propelled particles with a constant self-propulsion…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-26 Kristian Stølevik Olsen

A recently developed theory of stochastic swimming is used to study the notion of coherence in active systems that couple via hydrodynamic interactions. It is shown that correlations between various modes of deformation in stochastic…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Ali Najafi , Ramin Golestanian

A circular pursuit guidance problem involving pursuer-target engagement is studied in this paper using a bifurcation theory based numerical approach. While target is modeled as a point mass moving around in a circle with certain velocity,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Kavita Shekhawat , Nandan K Sinha

Geometric confinements are frequently encountered in the biological world and strongly affect the stability, topology, and transport properties of active suspensions in viscous flow. Based on a far-field analytical model, the…

We develop an adversarial-reinforcement learning scheme for microswimmers in statistically homogeneous and isotropic turbulent fluid flows, in both two (2D) and three dimensions (3D). We show that this scheme allows microswimmers to find…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-10 Jaya Kumar Alageshan , Akhilesh Kumar Verma , Jérémie Bec , Rahul Pandit

This research develops a novel sensor for aquatic robots inspired by the whiskers of harbor seals. This sensor can detect the movement of water, offering valuable data on speed, currents, barriers, and water disturbance. It employs a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Tuo Wang , Teresa A. Kent , Sarah Bergbreiter

We introduce and investigate the wellposedness of two models describing the self-propelled motion of a "small bio-mimetic swimmer" in the 2D and 3D incompressible fluids modeled by the Navier-Stokes equations. It is assumed that the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-01-13 Alexandre Khapalov , Piermarco Cannarsa , Fabio S. Priuli , Giuseppe Floridia