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Medical question-answering (QA) is a critical task for evaluating how effectively large language models (LLMs) encode clinical knowledge and assessing their potential applications in medicine. Despite showing promise on multiple-choice…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Guangfu Guo , Kai Zhang , Bryan Hoo , Yujun Cai , Xiaoqian Lu , Nanyun Peng , Yiwei Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) perform well on standard reasoning and question-answering benchmarks, yet such evaluations often fail to capture their ability to handle long-tail, expertise-intensive knowledge in real-world professional…

This paper surveys the development of large language model (LLM)-based agents for question answering (QA). Traditional agents face significant limitations, including substantial data requirements and difficulty in generalizing to new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Murong Yue

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various disciplines and tasks. However, benchmarking their capabilities with multilingual spoken queries remains largely unexplored. In this study, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Firoj Alam , Md Arid Hasan , Shammur Absar Chowdhury

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Khoramfar , Ali Ramezani , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi , Heshaam Faili

While the rise of large language models (LLMs) has created rich new opportunities to learn about digital technology, many on the margins of this technology struggle to gain and maintain competency due to lexical or conceptual barriers that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Evan Lucas , Kelly S. Steelman , Leo C. Ureel , Charles Wallace

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools has emerged as a promising approach to extend their utility, enabling them to solve practical tasks. Previous methods manually parse tool documentation and create in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhengliang Shi , Shen Gao , Lingyong Yan , Yue Feng , Xiuyi Chen , Zhumin Chen , Dawei Yin , Suzan Verberne , Zhaochun Ren

Table-based question answering (TableQA) is an important task in natural language processing, which requires comprehending tables and employing various reasoning ways to answer the questions. This paper introduces TableQAKit, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Fangyu Lei , Tongxu Luo , Pengqi Yang , Weihao Liu , Hanwen Liu , Jiahe Lei , Yiming Huang , Yifan Wei , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) often generate responses that deviate from user input or training data, a phenomenon known as "hallucination." These hallucinations undermine user trust and hinder the adoption of generative AI systems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yejin Bang , Ziwei Ji , Alan Schelten , Anthony Hartshorn , Tara Fowler , Cheng Zhang , Nicola Cancedda , Pascale Fung

Large language models (LLMs) show an innate skill for solving language based tasks. But insights have suggested an inability to adjust for information or task-solving skills becoming outdated, as their knowledge, stored directly within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jerry Huang , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Sarath Chandar

In this paper, we introduce and apply Operations Research Question Answering (ORQA), a new benchmark designed to assess the generalization capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the specialized technical domain of Operations…

By integrating the perception capabilities of multimodal encoders with the generative power of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, have achieved great success in various multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Wenbin An , Jiahao Nie , Yaqiang Wu , Feng Tian , Shijian Lu , Qinghua Zheng

Temporal reasoning over tabular data presents substantial challenges for large language models (LLMs), as evidenced by recent research. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of temporal datasets to pinpoint the specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Irwin Deng , Kushagra Dixit , Vivek Gupta , Dan Roth

The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly contributed to the development of equitable AI systems capable of factual question-answering (QA). However, no known study tests the LLMs' robustness when presented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Shubhra Ghosh , Abhilekh Borah , Aditya Kumar Guru , Kripabandhu Ghosh

Hallucinations pose a significant challenge to the reliability and alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs), limiting their widespread acceptance beyond chatbot applications. Despite ongoing efforts, hallucinations remain a prevalent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Cem Uluoglakci , Tugba Taskaya Temizel

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across various domains. The ability to call external tools further expands their capability to handle real-world tasks. However, LLMs often follow an opaque reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ruixin Zhang , Jon Donnelly , Zhicheng Guo , Ghazal Khalighinejad , Haiyang Huang , Alina Jade Barnett , Cynthia Rudin

We introduce KoLasSimpleQA, the first benchmark evaluating the multilingual factual ability of Large Language Models (LLMs). Inspired by existing research, we created the question set with features such as single knowledge point coverage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Bowen Jiang , Runchuan Zhu , Jiang Wu , Zinco Jiang , Yifan He , Junyuan Gao , Jia Yu , Rui Min , Yinfan Wang , Haote Yang , Songyang Zhang , Dahua Lin , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

Hallucination, a phenomenon where multimodal large language models~(MLLMs) tend to generate textual responses that are plausible but unaligned with the image, has become one major hurdle in various MLLM-related applications. Several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Han Qiu , Jiaxing Huang , Peng Gao , Qin Qi , Xiaoqin Zhang , Ling Shao , Shijian Lu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but the quality bar for medical and clinical applications is high. Today, attempts to assess models' clinical knowledge…

Large Language Models (LLMs), excel in natural language understanding, but their capability for complex mathematical reasoning with an amalgamation of structured tables and unstructured text is uncertain. This study explores LLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Pragya Srivastava , Manuj Malik , Vivek Gupta , Tanuja Ganu , Dan Roth