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Related papers: Freeze-in at stronger coupling

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Dark Matter (DM) may belong to a hidden sector that is only feebly interacting with the Standard Model (SM) and may have never been in thermal equilibrium in the Early Universe. In this case, the observed abundance of dark matter particles…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-02-07 Thomas Hambye , Michel H. G. Tytgat , Jérôme Vandecasteele , Laurent Vanderheyden

We study observational consequences arising from dark matter (DM) of non-thermal origin, produced by dark freeze-out from a hidden sector heat bath. We assume this heat bath was populated by feebly-coupled mediator particles, produced via a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-14 Matti Heikinheimo , Tommi Tenkanen , Kimmo Tuominen

The freeze-in mechanism provides a compelling framework for dark matter (DM) production, particularly suited to scenarios involving feeble interactions with the Standard Model (SM). In this work, we highlight a possible interplay of a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-12 Nicolás Bernal , Esau Cervantes , Kuldeep Deka , Andrzej Hryczuk

The freeze-in mechanism of dark matter production provides a simple and intriguing alternative to the WIMP paradigm. In this paper, we analyze whether freeze-in can be used to account for the dark matter in the so-called singlet fermionic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-17 Michael Klasen , Carlos E. Yaguna

We consider a simple extension of the standard model with fermionic dark matter (DM) and a $Z'$ gauge boson acting as a mediator. We also assume a scenario where cosmic reheating occurs at low temperatures due to the decay of a massive…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-18 Geneviève Bélanger , Nicolás Bernal , Alexander Pukhov

In this study, we explore vector dark matter (DM) production in the early Universe focusing on a scenario with a low reheating temperature. One can achieve low reheat temperature in many ways, for example, by considering a longer lifetime…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-24 Sarif Khan , Jongkuk Kim , Hyun Min Lee

We propose an alternate, calculable mechanism of dark matter genesis, "thermal freeze-in," involving a Feebly Interacting Massive Particle (FIMP) interacting so feebly with the thermal bath that it never attains thermal equilibrium. As with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-20 Lawrence J. Hall , Karsten Jedamzik , John March-Russell , Stephen M. West

The relic abundance of Dark Matter (DM) produced via thermal freeze-in is sensitive to the thermal history during and after cosmic reheating. In minimal models, this opens up the possibility to make predictions for collider observables by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-20 Marco Drewes , Yannis Georis , Mubarak A. S. Mohammed , Sebastian Zell

The freeze-in mechanism describes the out-of-equilibrium production of dark matter (DM) particles via feeble couplings or non-renormalisable interactions with large suppression scales. In the latter case, predictions suffer from a strong…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-16 Cristina Benso , Felix Kahlhoefer , Henda Mansour

The dynamics of cosmic reheating, that is, on how the energy stored in the inflaton is transferred to the standard model (SM) thermal bath, is largely unknown. In this work, we show that the phenomenology of the nonbaryonic dark matter (DM)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-14 Nicolás Bernal , Kuldeep Deka , Marta Losada

The persistent null results at dark matter (DM) direct-detection experiments have pushed the popular weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) DM to tight corners. Generic WIMP models with direct-detection rate below the current upper…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-20 Debasish Borah , Arnab Dasgupta , Tong Arthur Wu

If the reheating temperature at the end of inflation is low, of order 10 MeV, then dark matter produced through ultraviolet freeze-in has a large direct detection cross section. We study such a scenario in which dark matter is hadrophilic.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-31 Prudhvi N. Bhattiprolu , Gilly Elor , Robert McGehee , Aaron Pierce

We study the freeze-in of gravitationally interacting dark matter in extra dimensions. Focusing on a minimal dark matter candidate that only interacts with the SM via gravity in a five-dimensional model we find that a large range of dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-04-26 Arturo de Giorgi , Stefan Vogl

We present a detailed study of the production of dark matter in the form of a sterile neutrino via freeze-in from decays of heavy right-handed neutrinos. Our treatment accounts for thermal effects in the effective couplings, generated via…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-02 A. Abada , G. Arcadi , M. Lucente , G. Piazza , S. Rosauro-Alcaraz

We consider the production of dark matter during the process of reheating after inflation. The relic density of dark matter from freeze-in depends on both the energy density and energy distribution of the inflaton scattering or decay…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-14 Marcos A. G. Garcia , Kunio Kaneta , Yann Mambrini , Keith A. Olive , Sarunas Verner

We describe the evolution of Dark Matter (DM) abundance from the very onset of its creation from inflaton decay under the assumption of an instantaneous reheating. Based on the initial conditions such as the inflaton mass and its decay…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-05-12 P. S. Bhupal Dev , Anupam Mazumdar , Saleh Qutub

If dark matter is thermally decoupled from the visible sector, the observed relic density can potentially be obtained via freeze-in production of dark matter. Typically in such models it is assumed that the dark matter is connected to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-25 Fatemeh Elahi , Christopher Kolda , James Unwin

When dark matter particles only feebly interact with plasma constituents in the early universe, they never reach thermal equilibrium. As opposed to the freeze-out mechanism, where the dark matter abundance is determined at $T \ll M$, the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-26 Simone Biondini , Jacopo Ghiglieri

We study the post-inflationary dynamics for reheating and freeze-in dark matter in the Higgs-$R^2$ inflation model. Taking the perturbative approach for reheating, we determine the evolution of the temperature for radiation bath produced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-06-08 Shuntaro Aoki , Hyun Min Lee , Adriana G. Menkara , Kimiko Yamashita

We study a new mechanism for the production of dark matter in the universe which does not rely on thermal equilibrium. Dark matter is populated from the thermal bath subsequent to inflationary reheating via a massive mediator whose mass is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-06-19 Yann Mambrini , Keith A. Olive , Jeremie Quevillon , Bryan Zaldivar